海南琼北地区高尔夫球场植物景观与评价

发布时间：2018-01-14 04:11

本文关键词：海南琼北地区高尔夫球场植物景观与评价　出处：《海南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着海南国际旅游岛的兴建,以及独特的气候条件和自然环境,使得高尔夫产业得到了快速的发展。海口市不仅是海南省的省会与旅游重地,也是海南高尔夫旅游的发源地。它在海南高尔夫产业发展历程中,不仅发展最早、且球场数量最多。此外更为重要的是,海口地区拥有对高尔夫园林造景具有独特意义的火山岩植被景观。因此,研究海口周边地区高尔夫园林景观对于整个海南乃至热带地区高尔夫园林景观的建设与发展都具有重要意义。本研究以海南国际旅游岛建设及海南高尔夫发展的巨大潜力为背景,从高尔夫球场建设与发展的学术和理论研究出发,综合相关学科理论,按照年代排序选择了四家具有代表性的高尔夫球场(三公里、月亮湾、东山和南丽湖高尔夫)进行研究。首先,通过实地调查取样及文献资料收集,对高尔夫球场建设与规划中的植物造景手法、植物类型与观赏特性、人工植物群落等因素进行定性分析,然后再通过层次分析法、专家咨询法和模糊数学法相结合的综合方法对其内在质量进行综合评价。通过分析研究,主要包括以下几点结论： (1)在空间造景手法运用上,各高尔夫球场使用隔景作为主要的空间分隔手法、障景为辅。三公里高尔夫主要通过山石、地形的变化来塑造主配景组合以丰富球场空间。月亮湾高尔夫主要通过植物组合来塑造主配景。而东山高尔夫的空间则简单地采用植物作隔景来分隔,整体感较单调。南丽湖高尔夫利用自身优势,多用水面分隔空间,植物组合搭配形式比较少。 (2)在植物造景方式运用上,列植是各高尔夫球场最常见的植物配置方式,丛植的景观效果最丰富,而孤植是所有球场最少见的配置方式。四个球场中以月亮湾高尔夫最注重植物之间的搭配和整体感；三公里国际高尔夫虽然较注重植物组合,但其植物材料受长势,管理条件影响,整体效果有所欠缺；而东山高尔夫树种单一,植物造景容易产生单调感。南丽湖以椰子为基调树种,缺少与其他植物组合搭配。 (3)在景观元素搭配形式运用上,三公里高尔夫运用方式最为丰富,主要为山石与植物元素之间的搭配,广泛应用于转角、边缘、障碍等。月亮湾高尔夫中主要为植物材料与小品的搭配。东山高尔夫中主要为植物与草坪的组合。南丽湖高尔夫主要将植物素材与南丽湖搭配造景。 (4)通过分类统计,海南琼北地区四家高尔夫球场(三公里、月亮湾、东山、南丽湖)植物种类共计283种。其中以多年生草本(118种)占42%,乔木(84种)占30%,灌木(50种)占17%,藤本(31种)占11%四种生活型为主,占据有绝对优势。在植物观赏类型中：观花类(92种)占33%,观叶类(66种)占23%,观果类(24种)占8%,观株形类(61种)占22%,观根茎类(40种)占14%,总体来看球场植物观赏价值较高。 (5)四个球场人工植物群落中,乡土树种运用较少,乔木层植物配置多选用城市绿化常见的树种：如椰子、木麻黄、橡胶树、台湾相思等,且种类单一。整体配置缺少变化和内涵,缺乏区域特色和文化特性。 (6)从综合评分来看,海南琼北地区高尔夫球场植物造景质量等级均为优良以上,优劣顺序依次为三公里(93.9242)南丽湖(91.6090)月亮湾(90.7095)东山(89.8380)。四个球场的排列顺序基本上是按照开业时间的先后顺序,说明随着时间的推移,高尔夫植物造景在人们内心已经从观赏角度和心理需求方面发生了变化,对植物造景艺术和意境的要求越来越高,这些都反映在高尔夫规划设计的植物景观之中。
[Abstract]:With the construction of Hainan international tourism island, as well as the unique climate conditions and natural environment, the golf industry has got fast development. Haikou city is not only the capital of Hainan province and tourist area, Hainan is also the birthplace of golf tourism in Hainan. It is the golf industry development process, not only the development of the earliest, and stadium the largest number. More importantly, the Haikou region has a volcano rock vegetation landscape has unique significance to the golf landscape. Therefore, is of great significance to the construction and development of golf landscape research in Haikou surrounding areas for the whole of Hainan and the tropics Golf landscape.
In the context of the enormous potential of the construction of Hainan international tourism island and Hainan golf development, starting from the academic and theoretical research on the construction and development of the golf course, the comprehensive related theories, according to the time sequence selected four representative Golf Course (three km, Moon Bay, Dongshan and golf courses) were studied. First of all, based on the field investigation and literature collection, the methods of plant landscape of golf course construction and planning, and ornamental characteristics of plant type, artificial plant community factors such as qualitative analysis, and then through the AHP method, the comprehensive method combining Delphi method and fuzzy mathematics method to evaluate its internal quality. Through analysis and research, mainly including the following conclusions:
(1) in the use of space landscaping, the golf course by using landscape as the main space approach, supplemented by three km Golf scenery mainly through the rocks, the terrain changes to shape the main background combined with rich field space. The Moon Bay Golf mainly through the combination of plant to shape the main background and Dongshan golf. The space is simply used to separate plants across the landscape, the overall sense is monotonous. Golf courses use their own advantages, with the water separated by space, combination of plant collocation form is relatively small.
(2) in the plant landscape on the way, the golf course is listed and plant configuration of the most common, the most abundant vegetation landscape effect, and single plant allocation mode of all the courses most rare. Four pitches to the Moon Bay Golf most attention collocation between plants and the whole body; three km international although Golf pay more attention to the combination of plant, but the plant material growth, management conditions, the overall effect of lacking; Dongshan Golf single species, plant landscaping is easy to produce monotony. Nanlihu tone with the coconut tree species, the lack of collocation and combination of other plants.
(3) in the form of the use of landscape elements collocation, three km Golf means the most abundant, mainly between rocks and plant collocation elements, is widely used in the corner edge of obstacles. The Moon Bay Golf mainly plant material and collocation sketch. As the main combination of plants and lawn Dongshan Golf. Golf courses mainly plant material and nanlihu collocation landscape.
(4) through the classification statistics, Hainan northern area four golf courses (three km, Moon Bay, Dongshan, nanlihu) a total of 283 plant species. The perennial herbs (118 species) accounted for 42%, accounting for 30% of trees (84 species), shrubs (50 species) accounted for 17%, vines (31 species) accounted for 11% of the four life oriented, occupies the absolute advantage. In the types of ornamental plants: flowering type (92 species) accounted for 33%, foliage type (66 species) accounted for 23%, the concept of fruits (24 species) accounted for 8%, the concept of plant shape class (61 species) accounted for 22%, the concept of rhizome (40 A) accounted for 14% of overall course of ornamental plants of high value.
(5) four artificial plant community stadium, native species use less, arbor plant configuration selection of city greening common tree species: such as coconut, Casuarina, rubber tree, Taiwan Acacia, and single species. The overall configuration changes and lack of connotation, lack of regional characteristics and cultural characteristics.
(6) from the composite score, the quality grade of Hainan northern area golf course landscape plants are excellent, in sequence of three km (93.9242) nanlihu (91.6090) (90.7095) Dongshan Bay (89.8380). The four court order is basically in accordance with the order of the opening time, along with the the passage of time, people's heart has plants in golf from the viewing angle and the psychological demand changes, the plant landscape art and the artistic conception of the increasingly high demand, these are reflected in the plant landscape planning and design of the golf.

【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986

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