城市公园景观铺装形式美学评价研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 04:08

本文关键词： 城市公园景观铺装形式美学评价层次分析法(AHP) 游憩行为　出处：《浙江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市公园作为典型的城市公共空间,应具有较高的环境质量。其景观铺装在满足功能的同时,也需具有较高的美学价值。景观铺装形式美学价值的科学评价,利于营造高质量的空间环境。本文主要采用文献研究、实地调查、模型研究相结合的方法,作出如下研究： (1)对课题进行基础理论研究。研究了城市公园景观铺装发展历程及其趋势；对形式美学、审美及内容之间关系进行哲学讨论；并将构成学引入景观铺装形式美学研究,从色彩构成、平面构成、空间构成三个方面进行详细的分析。 (2)确定了以空间类型进行分类探讨、以构成学为主要方向的形式美学评价研究思路。游憩行为与园林空间形态、特点及功能具有密切的联系,由此推及到景观铺装因空间类型不同而各具特点。以此为切入点,将城市公园空间因游憩行为类型分为四类：集散活动空间、健身游乐空间、步行游览空间、休憩观景空间。以杭州市杭州花圃、城北体育公园、滨江公园等城市公园为主要调查对象,运用形式美学基础理论,就色彩、构型、肌理、空间等方面对不同类型空间景观铺装的特点进行深入细致的分析。 (3)建立了景观铺装形式美学评价体系。引入层次分析法(AHP),针对不同类型空间景观铺装的特点,结合公园使用者对不同类型空间特质的偏好,分别归纳总结影响其形式美学价值的主要因素,根据“目标—指标层次结构”建立相应评价指标体系。运用yaahp软件对专家调查问卷结果进行分析计算,获得城市公园景观铺装形式美学构成要素的权重及其重要性排序。得出以下结论：以一级指标权重来看,各类型空间景观铺装形式美学评价构成要素权重分别为：集散活动空间：空间构成(0.4344)色彩构成(0.3381)平面构成(0.2275)；健身游乐空间：空间构成(0.3959)色彩构成(0.326)平面构成(0.2782)；步行游览空间：空间构成(0.4923)平面构成(0.3327)色彩构成(0.1750)；休憩观景空间：空间构成(0.5300)色彩构成(0.2408)平面构成(0.2293)。在城市公园中,随着空间尺度的减小,色彩构成、平面构成对景观铺装形式美学价值影响减弱,空间构成的影响增强。景观铺装的面积越大、面型结构越为完整,越利于色彩构成的表现。视域越为狭长的空间中,景观铺装的构型越为重要。以二级指标权重来看,对各类型空间景观铺装形式美学影响最大的指标分别为：集散活动空间-尺度比例(0.2151)；健身游乐空间-色彩丰富(0.1627)；步行游览空间-层次丰富(0.2313)；休憩观景空间-亲切空间(0.2554)。影响最小的指标分别为：集散活动空间-排列规整(0.0345)、健身游乐空间-排列简单(0.0365)、步行游览空间-色调谦和(0.0515)、休憩观景空间-排布多变(0.0582)。在不同类型空间对景观铺装进行侧重不同的形式美学设计具有现实意义。 (4)提出整体性设计、分区设计、形式与功能相结合的城市公园景观铺装设计指导建议。然而,论文仍存在课题分析研究还有待细化,评价指标的标准制定还有待后续研究等不足。论文旨在为景观评价提供可行性研究,为今后景观铺装的设计提供些参考,促进景观铺装形式与功能的均衡发展。
[Abstract]:As a typical urban public space, the urban park should have high environmental quality. Its landscape paving is also of high aesthetic value while satisfying its functions. The scientific evaluation of the aesthetic value of the pavement form is conducive to creating a high quality space environment.
This paper mainly adopts the methods of literature research, field investigation and model research, which are as follows:
(1) a theoretical research on the subject. On the development and trend of pavement landscape of city park; to form aesthetic, philosophical discussion of the relationship between aesthetic and content; and the constitution study into the study of pavement landscape aesthetics, from plane composition, color composition, spatial composition of three aspects of a detailed analysis.
(2) to determine the type of space is analyzed, the research form of aesthetic evaluation to form the school as the main direction of thinking. Recreational behavior and garden space form, features and functions are closely linked, which applies to different types of pavement landscape due to spatial characteristics. With this as the starting point, the city park space recreational activities are divided into four types: spatial distribution activities, fitness and recreation space, walking space, open viewing space. Taking Hangzhou city of Hangzhou city garden, North Sports Park, Binjiang Park City Park as the main research object, using the form of aesthetic theory, color, texture, spatial configuration, etc. the characteristics of different types of the space landscape pavement in-depth and detailed analysis.
(3) the building of aesthetic evaluation of landscape paving system. Introduces the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), according to the characteristics of different types of space landscape pavement, combining park user preferences for different types of spatial characteristics, respectively summarizes the main factors affecting the form of aesthetic value, establish the corresponding evaluation index system according to the target index hierarchy ". Use of expert questionnaire results were analyzed and calculated by Yaahp software, obtain the pavement forms of city park landscape aesthetics and the importance of the elements of weight sorting. Draw the following conclusions:
The weights of the first level indicators, constitute the aesthetic evaluation of various types of space landscape pavement form factor weights were distributed space: space composition (0.4344) color composition (0.3381) plane (0.2275); fitness recreation space: the space structure (0.3959) the color of (0.326) plane (0.2782); walking tour space: space (0.4923) plane (0.3327) color composition (0.1750); open viewing space: the space composition (0.5300) color composition (0.2408) plane (0.2293). In the city park, with the decrease of spatial scale, color composition, planar impact on pavement landscape form aesthetic value weakened effects of enhanced spatial composition. Pavement landscape area is greater, surface structure more complete, more conducive to the performance of the color composition is a narrow space, landscape pavement structure more important.
The weight of the two level indicators, various types of landscape aesthetics pavement forms the greatest impact indicators are: the proportion of distributed space scale (0.2151); fitness recreation space is rich in color (0.1627); a walking tour of space - rich layers (0.2313); open viewing space - friendly space (0.2554). Minimal impact the indicators are: distributed event space arrangement (0.0345), fitness recreation space - simple arrangement (0.0365), a walking tour of space - tone (0.0515), and open viewing space arrangement (0.0582). In the changing of different types of space on the pavement landscape has realistic significance on aesthetic design of different form.
(4) put forward the advice of urban park landscape paving design combining holistic design, zoning design and form and function. However, there are still some problems to be solved in project analysis and research.
The purpose of this paper is to provide a feasibility study for landscape evaluation, and to provide some reference for the design of landscape paving in the future, and to promote the balanced development of the form and function of landscape paving.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.42

【参考文献】