养老机构中园艺活动空间设计研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 18:49

本文选题：养老机构　切入点：园艺活动空间　出处：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着社会老龄化问题的日趋严重,养老机构的建设受到普遍关注。其景观环境对老年人健康的影响不言而喻,而利用园艺活动空间进行植物疗法是帮助老年人的生理、心理得以康复的有效途径之一。然而,我国大部分已建成的养老机构仅从视觉出发,忽视园艺活动空间设置。本文基于以上问题,对养老机构园艺活动空间进行探讨与研究,旨在让老年人能在养老机构景观环境中得到身体的康复、心灵的抚慰和充实的生活。本文是在大量查阅文献资料、问卷调查和实地调研的基础上形成的,其研究成果如下：(1)国内外养老机构园艺活动空间的发展背景研究。从植物疗法的分类、功效、作用方式、应用设计,以及老年人的身心理特点、生活环境设计等方面入手,对国内外植物疗法的景观运用以及养老机构的设计现状进行了分析总结。(2)养老机构园艺活动空间理论基础研究。对植物疗法、环境心理学、中医及传统养生理论对老年人生理、心理的作用、疗效做出了概括总结,分析了养老机构园艺活动空间应该怎样利用这些理论基础来设计、营造。(3)对养老机构中园艺活动空间的实地调研。通过实地调研和访谈,分析了深圳市任达山庄养老中心、湖南科技大学老年活动中心、株洲海福祥养老院、湘潭市霞城敬老院四处养老机构的景观特征,重点评析了养老机构中园艺活动空间的设计现状。提出了三大现实问题：目前养老机构中极度缺乏的园艺活动空间和老年人强烈的需求不相符：已有的园艺活动空间商业化或设计、管理粗放；缺乏针对老年人身心特点设计的安全无障碍的园艺活动空间。(4)老年人构成、行为、偏好与需求调查研究。通过问卷调查与实地访谈的形式,结合老年人生理、心理方面的理论研究,深层挖掘老年人的生、心理特点及行为模式特征,为养老机构园艺活动空间设计原则提供现实依据。(5)养老机构园艺活动空间设计理论。以问卷调查及实地调研的分析结果为基础,提出了适用于老年人的园艺活动内容及其分类,并分析了不同类型的老年人和不同条件的养老机构应该如何选择和安排园艺活动。根据养老机构园艺活动空间特征和设计影响因素,提出了其营造原则和手法,阐述了养老机构中园艺活动空间设计要点的具体内容,包括操作、储存、休憩、通行、过渡五种空间类型。着重分析了针对不同行动能力老人的园艺活动空间设计方法,以及其中地形、水景、道路和铺装、植物、园林建筑和小品、设施的设计。园艺疗法、植物疗法在中国还是一个较新的概念,以此为基础的养老机构园艺活动空间设计有赖于设计师、医生、心理学家、植物学家等多学科工作者的合作,也需要大众更多的了解和关注。本文的研究旨在推动人们对相关问题的重视和深入,为今后在养老机构景观环境中利用园艺活动空间帮助老人康复提供理论指导。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the aging of society becoming more and more serious, the construction of old-age care institutions has received widespread attention. The influence of landscape environment on the health of the elderly is self-evident, and the use of horticultural space for plant therapy is to help the physiology of the elderly. One of the effective ways to rehabilitate psychology. However, most of the pension institutions in our country only set out from vision and ignore the setting of horticultural activity space. Based on the above problems, this paper discusses and studies the horticultural activity space of pension institutions. The purpose of this paper is to enable the elderly to get physical rehabilitation, spiritual comfort and full life in the landscape environment of pension institutions. This paper is based on a large number of literature, questionnaires and field research. The research results are as follows: (1) the research on the development background of horticultural activity space of old-age care institutions at home and abroad. Starting with the classification, efficacy, mode of action, application design of plant therapy, as well as the physical and psychological characteristics of the elderly and the design of living environment, etc. The landscape application of plant therapy at home and abroad as well as the design status quo of old-age institutions were analyzed and summarized. (2) the basic theory of horticultural activities of pension institutions was studied. The physiological effects of plant therapy, environmental psychology, traditional Chinese medicine and traditional health theory on the physiology of the elderly were studied. The function of psychology and the curative effect are summarized, and how to design and construct horticultural activity space of pension institutions by using these theoretical bases is analyzed. The field investigation of horticultural activity space in pension institutions is carried out through field investigation and interview. This paper analyzes the landscape characteristics of the elderly care institutions in Shenzhen Renda Mountain Village Pension Center, Hunan University of Science and Technology activity Center, Zhuzhou Haifuxiang Nursing Home, Xiangtan Xiacheng Residential Home for the aged. In this paper, the present situation of horticultural activity space design in pension institutions is analyzed, and three practical problems are raised: the horticultural activity space that is extremely lacking in pension institutions at present does not match with the strong needs of the elderly: the horticultural activities that have been made are not in line with those of the elderly. Space commercialization or design, Extensive management; lack of a safe and accessible space for horticultural activities designed for the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly; investigation of the composition, behavior, preferences and needs of the elderly. The theoretical study of psychology, the deep excavation of the old people's characteristics of life, psychology and behavior pattern, Based on the results of questionnaire survey and field investigation, the contents and classification of horticultural activities suitable for the elderly were put forward. It also analyzes how to choose and arrange horticultural activities for different types of elderly and different conditions of old-age institutions. According to the spatial characteristics of horticultural activities of pension institutions and the influencing factors of design, this paper puts forward the construction principles and techniques. This paper expounds the main points of space design of horticultural activities in old-age institutions, including five types of space, such as operation, storage, rest, general use and transition, and emphatically analyzes the space design methods of horticultural activities for the elderly with different abilities of action. And the design of landforms, waterscape, roads and pavements, plants, garden buildings and sketches, facilities, horticultural therapy, botanical therapy is a relatively new concept in China. The design of horticultural activity space for pension institutions based on this depends on the cooperation of designers, doctors, psychologists, botanists and other multidisciplinary workers. The purpose of this study is to promote people to pay more attention to the related problems and to provide theoretical guidance for the future use of horticultural activity space in the landscape environment of pension institutions to help the elderly recover.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.2;TU246.2

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