江西信江盆地丹霞造型景观及成因研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 00:00

本文选题：丹霞地貌　切入点：信江盆地　出处：《东华理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：丹霞地貌系指由水平或缓倾斜的层状红色碎屑岩(主要为砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩)组成的具有陡崖坡的红层地貌,其特殊的形态特征及地层组成赋予了该种地貌较强的造景能力,在构造切割、重力崩塌、流水侵蚀、风化作用等综合作用下,易形成千姿百态、形态逼真的造型景观。这些丹霞造型景观是珍贵的旅游资源,具有独特性和不可再生性。随着“中国丹霞”申遗的成功,对造型景观基础地质理论的深入研究已成为当前的急切需求。信江盆地处于扬子古板块和华夏古板块的接合部,是我国丹霞地貌发育最为突出的地区之一。受大地构造位置和内外地质作用的影响,盆地内形成了大量的丹霞地貌,如石峰、石崖、石柱、峰林、峰丛、石梁、穿洞、岩洞等。随着丹霞地貌的不断发育演化,形成了许多极具科研及旅游观赏价值的丹霞造型景观,代表性景观有:龙虎山的金枪峰、仙女岩、象鼻山,龟峰石龟、老人峰、八戒峰、天外来客、三叠龟,六石岩石象,广丰羚羊石等。根据丹霞造型景观的形态类型,本文将信江盆地丹霞造型景观分为石峰造型景观、孤峰残石造型景观、穿洞造型景观、石龟造型景观及组合型造型景观。通过对这五类造型景观发育特征的研究发现,残峰孤石、峰林、峰丛、石丛、穿洞、陡峻石峰等丹霞地貌较易形成造型景观,丹霞丘陵、石墙、小石峰等丹霞地貌不易形成造型景观。孤峰残石型、穿洞型及石龟造型景观通常为溶蚀风化成因,由岩性差异较大的岩层组成,以钙质胶结、泥质胶结为主;石峰型、组合型造型景观通常为崩塌成因或流水成因,岩石组成较均匀,以铁质胶结为主。此外,信江盆地造型景观主要分布于盆地边缘地区,以盆地南缘最为发育,位于盆地中部和边缘之间的过渡地带偶有发育,盆地中部基本不发育。丹霞造型景观演化程度一般较高,以壮年晚期-老年早期为主,盆地北缘及盆地过渡地带偶见壮年早期的造型景观。综上可知,丹霞造型景观的形成具有一定的偶然性,不是所有丹霞地貌都能发育成造型景观。红层条件、构造条件及外动力条件是丹霞造型景观形成的必要前提,是主要的成景条件。
[Abstract]:Danxia landform refers to layered red clastic rocks by horizontal or gently inclined (mainly for conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone) which has the steep slopes of red beds landforms, its special morphological characteristics and the stratigraphic composition gives the landform landscaping strong ability in the construction of cutting, gravity collapse, water erosion, comprehensive effect of weathering, easy to form a lifelike shape in different poses and with different expressions, the Danxia landscape is a landscape. Other precious tourism resources, unique and non renewable. With the "Chinese Danxia successful inscription, in-depth study of the basic theory of geological landscape modeling has become the urgent needs of the current in the Xinjiang basin. Junction of Yangtze paleo plate and Cathaysian plate, Danxia landform of China's development is one of the most prominent areas. Affected by tectonic and geological action, the formation of a large number of Danxia Basin Such as landform, peaks, cliffs, pillars, peaks, peaks piercing, cave Shilianghe, etc. with the development of Danxia landform evolution, the formation of the Danxia landscape tourism research and many other highly ornamental value, representative landscape: Mount Longhu tuna peak, a fairy rock, the turtle, the old elephant trunk hill. Eight peak, peak, extraterrestrial, stacked three turtles, six stone, stone Guangfeng antelope etc. according to the types of shape of Danxia landscape, the Xinjiang basin, Danxia style landscape is divided into other Shifeng landscape, Gufeng residual stone other landscape, piercing other landscape, landscape and other combination of other turtle through the research landscape. Other features of the five kinds of landscape development, the residual peak peaks, peak cluster, boulders, stones, piercing, steep Shifeng Danxia landform is easy to form other landscape, Danxia hills, stone walls, small stone Danxia landform is not easy to form a Butte landscape. The residual stone, and other landscape type piercing turtle usually causes corrosion and weathering, composed of different strata lithology, with calcium cementation, clay cementation; combination of other landscape type peaks, usually collapse cause or causes water, rock composition is uniform, with ferruginous cementation. In addition, the Xinjiang basin modeling the landscape is mainly distributed in the edge of the basin to the south margin of the basin area, the most developed, located between the center and the edge of the basin transition zone with development, no development in the central part of the basin. Danxia style landscape evolution is generally higher, with strong in late - early old age, northern margin of the basin and occasionally in the early transition zone of other landscape. To sum up, has a certain chance to form shape of Danxia landscape, not all Danxia landform can develop into other landscape. The red layer conditions, structural conditions and dynamic conditions in Danxia The necessary precondition for the formation of the styling landscape is the main setting condition.

【学位授予单位】：东华理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P901

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