在京高校日本留学生跨文化适应调查研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 04:25

本文选题：日本 + 在京留学生　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来在全球化进程的推动下,世界各国在经济、教育、文化等方面的交流合作日益密切,留学生教育得到极大发展。随着来华留学生群体的不断壮大,留学生跨文化适应中出现的问题也日益凸显。以往研究和实践表明,日本学生虽然来自汉字文化圈,但相比于欧美和东南亚等地的留学生,其跨文化适应状况明显较差,在实际的跨文化适应过程中仍存在不少问题。根据这一情况,本文以在京七所高校的日本留学生为研究对象,探讨以下三个问题：一、在京日本留学生跨文化适应情况如何?二、影响在京日本留学生跨文化适应的因素有哪些?三、为了提高日本留学生的跨文化适应性,我们能提出哪些切实可行的建议?在前人研究成果的基础上,本文将跨文化适应分为语言适应、心理适应、生活适应、文化适应四个维度,通过问卷调查法和征文形式收集日本留学生跨文化适应的数据,并使用SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行处理和分析。本文共有五章：第一章为绪论,主要介绍本文的研究背景和研究意义,并对国内外跨文化适应相关研究进行梳理,着重介绍来华留学生和日本留学生跨文化适应研究的相关成果。第二章为研究设计,主要描述本文的研究问题、研究思路和研究方法,并具体介绍了问卷调查和作文分析两种调查设计。第三章和第四章为本文的主体部分,第三章主要描述本文的调查结果,既包括日本留学生总体适应情况概述,也包括四个维度的适应水平和差异表现的描述。在调查结果的基础上,第四章讨论影响日本留学生跨文化适应的相关因素,主要包括汉语水平、来京时间、性别、学习目的等。第五章为本文的研究结论和建议,对本文的调查结果和分析讨论进行总结,并对相关管理部门提出相应建议。本文的主要结论包括：一、日本留学生在京留学期间跨文化适应的整体情况较好,在语言适应、生活适应、心理适应和文化适应四个层面均高于中等水平,但在跨文化适应中仍存在不少问题亟待解决。从语言层面来看,日本留学生汉语口头表达能力相对较差,使用汉语进行交往的机会有限；从生活层面来看,日本学生对于空气质量、公共卫生环境以及服务态度难以适应；从心理层面来看,日本留学生容易出现思乡、缺乏安全感、学习压力较大等问题；从文化层面来看,日本留学生对北京的传统艺术和历史缺乏兴趣,了解不足。二、日本学生的跨文化适应性在性别、年龄、来京时间、语言水平、学习类型、教育程度、学费来源、是否华裔等方面在均值上存在差异表现,但仅有性别、汉语水平、来京时间等因素对于日本留学生跨文化适应性有显著影响。汉语水平对于日本留学生语言适应有显著影响,性别和来京时间对于日本学生文化适应有显著影响,来京时间对于日本留学生心理适应有显著影响。三、从影响日本学生跨文化适应的因素来看,由于口头表达能力更强、人际交往范围更大、汉语学习和交往的压力更小,汉语高级水平的日本留学生语言适应显著好于初级和中级水平的留学生。日本留学生的跨文化适应状况随来京时间变化大致呈U型曲线分布,其阶段性特点与文化冲击模型基本相符。日本女生的文化适应状况明显好于男生,其原因在于日本女生对于中国语言和文化的兴趣比男生更高,文化活动的参与程度也相应较高。由于大多采取融合性动机,愿意主动去接触中国文化、参与文化活动,对中国语言和文化感兴趣的留学生具有较高的文化适应水平。此外,近年来由于两国复杂且不稳定政治关系,加之日本媒体的负面报道,一定程度上给日本学生来华留学带来了不小的心理压力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the impetus of globalization, the exchanges and cooperation between countries in the world, such as economy, education and culture have become increasingly close, and the education of foreign students has been greatly developed. With the growing group of students coming to China, the problems appearing in the cross-cultural adaptation of foreign students are becoming more and more obvious. The cultural circle of Chinese characters, but compared to the foreign students in Europe, America and Southeast Asia, their cross-cultural adaptation is obviously poor, and there are still a lot of problems in the process of cross-cultural adaptation. According to this situation, the following three questions are discussed in the study of Japanese students in seven universities in Beijing: first, the cross text of the students in Japan and Japan. Two, what are the factors affecting the cross-cultural adaptation of the Japanese students in Beijing? Three, in order to improve the cross-cultural adaptability of the Japanese students, what practical suggestions can we put forward? Based on the achievements of previous studies, this paper divides cross-cultural adaptation into linguistic adaptation, psychological adaptation, life adaptation, and cultural adaptation. The four dimension, through the questionnaire survey method and the collection form to collect the data of cross-cultural adaptation of Japanese students, and the use of SPSS 19 software to process and analyze the data. This article has five chapters: the first chapter is the introduction, mainly introducing the background and significance of the research, and combing the related research on cross-cultural adaptation at home and abroad, The second chapter mainly describes the research design, mainly describes the research issues, research ideas and research methods, and specifically introduces the questionnaire survey and composition analysis of two kinds of investigation design. The third and fourth chapters are the main part of this article, and the third chapters are mainly described. The results of this study include the general adaptation of the Japanese students, including the general adaptation of the Japanese students, and the description of the adaptation level and the performance of the four dimensions. On the basis of the results of the survey, the fourth chapter discusses the related factors affecting the cross-cultural adaptation of Japanese students, including the Chinese level, the time to come to Beijing, the gender, the learning purpose, and so on. Fifth chapters The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, the overall situation of cross-cultural adaptation of Japanese students during their study in Beijing is better, and the four layers are language adaptation, life adaptation, psychological adaptation and cultural adaptation. There are still many problems in the cross-cultural adaptation, but there are still many problems to be solved in cross-cultural adaptation. From the language level, the oral expression ability of Japanese students is relatively poor and the opportunity for communication in Chinese is limited. From the living level, Japanese students are difficult to adapt to the air quality, public health environment and service attitude. On the psychological level, Japanese students are prone to homesickness, lack of security, and higher learning pressure. From the cultural level, Japanese students lack interest in the traditional art and history of Beijing. Two, Japanese students' cross-cultural adaptability is gender, age, Beijing time, language level, type of learning, The level of education, the source of tuition, and the Chinese origin are different in the mean, but only sex, the Chinese level and the coming to Beijing have significant influence on the cross-cultural adaptability of the Japanese students. The Chinese level has a significant influence on the adaptation of the Japanese students, and the sex and the time for coming to Beijing have a great effect on the Japanese students' cultural adaptation. Obviously, coming to Beijing has a significant influence on the psychological adaptation of Japanese students. Three, from the factors affecting the cross-cultural adaptation of Japanese students, the pressure of Chinese learning and communication is smaller because of the stronger oral expression ability, the greater interpersonal communication range, and the lower pressure on Chinese learning and communication. The language adaptation of the advanced Chinese students in the Chinese language is better than the primary and intermediate level. The cross-cultural adaptation of Japanese students in Japan is roughly U curve distribution with the change of the time of coming to Beijing. The stage characteristics are basically consistent with the cultural impact model. The cultural adaptation of Japanese girls is better than that of the boys. The reason is that Japanese girls are more interested in Chinese language and culture than boys and cultural activities. The degree of participation is also higher. Because most of them are motivated to take the initiative to contact Chinese culture, participate in cultural activities and have a high level of cultural adaptation to the students interested in Chinese language and culture, in addition, in recent years, because of the complex and unstable political relations between the two countries and the negative reports of the Japanese media, To some extent, Japanese students have come to China to study abroad.

【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G648.9

【共引文献】