湘西永顺山区土家族村落乡土景观的探究

发布时间：2018-05-26 22:17

本文选题：乡土景观 + 湘西　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以湘西永顺山区土家族村落的民族传统文化与自然环境背景为研究基础,结合文献资料的记载、经过现场的调研、实地的测绘,对湘西州永顺县境内的山区村落——已经被批准为“全国重点文物保护单位”的老司城、被列入“首批中国传统村落整体保护项目”的双凤村两个村落进行深入的研究。首先,介绍了本文的研究缘起与研究背景,阐述了研究的目的和意义,对国内外的相关研究进行综述,对本文的研究角度与研究的范围界定进行解说,并且将相关的研究理论予以阐述,最后介绍了本文的研究方法,构建了本研究的基本框架;其次,对湘西土家族的基本情况进行概述,主要是我国土家族以及湘西地区的土家族相关发展背景,以及具体的调查研究对象的界定与发展概况的介绍,包括自然环境与民族传统文化的初步了解;基于风景园林学的理论研究角度,对老司城和双凤村的乡土自然景观、乡土聚落景观、乡土农业景观进行深入的调查研究,分析了在民族文化影响下的地区乡土景观的特点;并且在前文的研究基础上对老司城与双凤村的价值、感知以及资源的评价进行了详细的数据分析,实地调查了当地村民以及外来游人对乡土景观的感知、资源的评价;最后基于湘西永顺山区土家族村落乡土景观的变化和各种因素影响下现存的问题提出应对当地的乡土景观进行保护,并结合相关的政策法规对当地保护的措施及建议展开探讨。本论文取得了一定的研究成果,主要体现在以下几个方面:第一,湘西永顺山区土家族村落的乡土景观是以自然景观、聚落景观与农业景观为载体的民族文化的显现,是土家族人民为了生活而采取的根据当地的自然环境、生产生活而形成的景观复合体构成要素的多样性,其构成要素包括:1自然环境:湘西地区独特的山体、地形地貌2聚落:民居建筑、民居建筑及其附属空间、公共建筑、公共庭院、街巷、宅间小道3农田:耕地、菜地、园地、果树林4水系:河流、小溪、水塘5其他:水井、木桥、渔船等第二,湘西永顺山区土家族村落乡土景观有别于城市景观、其他的乡土景观,并且受到外来游人、相关学者的青睐,其自身存在的价值是多方面的:1乡土景观资源丰富的美学价值2呈现民族历史的社会价值3彰显民族智慧的文化价值4利于人居环境优化的生态价值第三,为了保护与传承土家族文化、维护原汁原味的乡土景观,我们在追求科技发达、经济进步的同时,湘西永顺山区土家族村落乡土景观的应坚持以保护为主的发展,在政府主导、公众参与、合理利用、和谐发展的原则上建立相应的保护机制。
[Abstract]:Based on the traditional culture and natural environment background of Tujia villages in Yongshun mountainous area of western Hunan, this paper combines the records of literature, field survey and mapping through on-the-spot investigation. This paper makes an in-depth study on the mountain village in Yongshun county of Xiangxi prefecture, which has been approved as the "national key cultural relic protection unit" and the two villages of Shuangfeng Village which have been listed as "the first batch of Chinese traditional Village whole Protection Project". First of all, it introduces the origin and background of the research, expounds the purpose and significance of the research, summarizes the related research at home and abroad, and explains the research angle and the scope of the research. At last, it introduces the research method of this paper, and constructs the basic frame of this research. Secondly, it summarizes the basic situation of Tujia nationality in western Hunan. It is mainly about the development background of Tujia nationality in our country and Xiangxi area, and the definition and development of the specific research object, including the preliminary understanding of natural environment and traditional culture. Based on the theory of landscape architecture, this paper makes a deep investigation and study on the local natural landscape, the local settlement landscape and the local agricultural landscape of Laoshi City and Shuangfeng Village, and analyzes the characteristics of the local landscape under the influence of national culture. And on the basis of the previous research, the value, perception and evaluation of resources of Laoshi City and Shuangfeng Village are analyzed in detail, and the local villagers and visitors' perception of the local landscape and the evaluation of resources are investigated in the field. Finally, based on the changes of the local landscape of Tujia villages in Yongshun mountain area of western Hunan and the existing problems under the influence of various factors, this paper puts forward that the local landscape should be protected, and discusses the measures and suggestions of local protection combined with the relevant policies and regulations. This paper has achieved some research results, mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, the local landscape of Tujia villages in Yongshun mountain area of western Hunan is the national culture with natural landscape, settlement landscape and agricultural landscape as the carrier. It is the diversity of landscape complex elements adopted by Tujia people in order to live according to the local natural environment, production and life. Its constituent elements include: 1 natural environment: the unique mountain body in western Hunan. Landform 2 settlement: residential buildings, residential buildings and their ancillary spaces, public buildings, public yards, streets and alleys, residential paths 3 farmland: farmland, vegetable fields, gardens, fruit trees forest 4 water systems: rivers, streams, ponds 5 other: wells, Second, Muqiao, fishing boats, etc., the local landscape of Tujia villages in Yongshun mountainous area of western Hunan is different from the urban landscape, and other local landscapes are favored by foreign visitors and relevant scholars. The value of its own existence is the aesthetic value of rich local landscape resources in many aspects. Second, it presents the social value of national history and the cultural value of national wisdom. 4 is the ecological value which is conducive to the optimization of human settlement environment. In order to protect and inherit Tujia culture and maintain the original local landscape, while pursuing the development of science and technology and economic progress, the local landscape of Tujia villages in Yongshun mountainous area of western Hunan should be developed mainly by protection and led by the government. The principle of public participation, rational utilization and harmonious development is to establish the corresponding protection mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU982.29

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