豪泽尔唯物史观的艺术社会史研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 10:06

本文选题：豪泽尔 + 唯物史观　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：豪泽尔以总体性视角将马克思主义唯物史观与艺术社会史研究相结合,通过艺术与社会范畴的互动,多元审视艺术内部和外部不同因素,对各个历史时期的艺术风格进行了深入分析与探讨。豪泽尔所指的社会范畴包括政治、文化以及市场因素等方面。就政治维度而言,豪泽尔借鉴了马克思对社会的分析,从社会制度和阶级出发,考察了不同的社会制度和阶级对艺术风格的影响。而在文化维度方面,豪泽尔主要从哲学、宗教、科学、心理学等因素分析艺术风格产生的原因。他认为文化因素影响人们看待世界的方式,而艺术是人们世界观的表达,因此文化因素不仅影响艺术题材、主题的选择,也决定着艺术具体的表达方式。在市场因素方面,艺术是社会中的生产,后被流通和消费,艺术风格的形成受到文化运作体系的制约。豪泽尔把艺术家视为艺术生产中的一部分,考察了文化运作体系从艺术赞助为主到自由市场形成过程中艺术风格的转变。豪泽尔艺术社会史理论总体上是以马克思主义的唯物史观为理论基础。在他看来,不仅艺术表达依赖物质材料,艺术本身也是人们意识的产物,是现实社会影响的结果。豪泽尔同时也指出艺术与社会之间并非直接的因果关系,艺术当然有自身的审美价值和发展规律。因此,他的艺术史研究非常重视时空的整一性,以此对人类不同历史时期的艺术风格产生、发展的原因展开精确分析。除此之外,豪泽尔也重视艺术的意识形态问题,他分析了不同历史时期人们的艺术评价中意识形态的作用,并进一步认为,艺术史在某种程度上就是意识形态史。豪泽尔艺术社会史的意义体现在艺术史发展脉络中。通过将艺术置于其产生的社会环境中进行考察,他使艺术史研究不再局限于对艺术自律性和形式规律的解读,改进了之前主流的形式主义艺术史研究范式。另外,豪泽尔并没有为艺术与社会因素之间固定联系所束缚,而是将艺术视为一个复杂的整体,从不同艺术家具体的阶级身份、社会境况等出发展开分析,将早期马克思主义艺术社会史研究推向巅峰。豪泽尔在突破旧有传统的基础上,对艺术生产体制、精英文化与大众文化、艺术的商品属性等的理论分析无疑启发了后世艺术社会史研究。
[Abstract]:Hauser combines Marxist historical materialism with the study of social history of art from the perspective of totality. Through the interaction between art and social category, he examines the internal and external factors of art. The art style of each historical period is deeply analyzed and discussed. Hauser refers to social categories including political, cultural and market factors. As far as the political dimension is concerned, Hauser draws lessons from Marx's analysis of society and examines the influence of different social systems and classes on artistic style from the point of view of social system and class. In terms of cultural dimension, Hauser mainly analyzes the causes of artistic style from philosophy, religion, science, psychology and other factors. He believes that cultural factors affect the way people view the world, and art is the expression of people's world outlook. Therefore, cultural factors not only affect the choice of art themes and themes, but also determine the specific expression of art. In the aspect of market factors, art is the production in society, which is later circulated and consumed. The formation of artistic style is restricted by the system of cultural operation. Hauser regarded artists as a part of art production and examined the change of artistic style from art sponsorship to free market formation. Hauser's theory of social history of art is based on Marxist historical materialism. In his opinion, not only art expression depends on material, but art itself is the product of people's consciousness and the result of social influence. Hauser also pointed out that there is no direct causal relationship between art and society, and art certainly has its own aesthetic value and development law. Therefore, his study of art history attaches great importance to the unity of time and space, so as to carry out an accurate analysis of the reasons for the emergence and development of the artistic style in different historical periods of mankind. In addition, Hauser also attached importance to the ideological problem of art. He analyzed the role of ideology in people's art evaluation in different historical periods, and further thought that art history is ideological history to some extent. The significance of Hauser's social history of art is embodied in the development of art history. By examining art in its social environment, he made the study of art history no longer limited to the interpretation of art self-discipline and formal law, and improved the former mainstream formalism art history research paradigm. In addition, Hauser was not bound by the fixed relationship between art and social factors, but regarded art as a complex whole, analyzing the specific class status and social situation of different artists. To the peak of the study of the early Marxist social history of art. On the basis of breaking through the old tradition, Hauser's theoretical analysis of the art production system, elite culture and popular culture, and the commodity attribute of art undoubtedly inspired the study of the history of art society in later generations.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J110.9

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