郑州市土地利用与景观格局时空变化图谱构建与分析

发布时间：2018-06-14 20:16

本文选题：土地利用 + 景观格局　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市土地利用和景观格局的时空格局分布以及演变趋势对于城市可持续发展和生态文明建设具有重要的影响。同时,地学信息图谱通过图形特征与谱系结构的不同变化,可以有效地揭示事物的空间结构特征与时空动态变化规律。本文将土地利用变化理论、景观生态学理论以及地学信息图谱理论有机地结合在一起,以郑州市市辖区为研究对象,通过数据处理构建土地利用时空变化序列图谱、景观格局时空变化序列图谱以及景观多样性时空变化专题图谱,对郑州市2000年到2015年15年的土地利用与景观格局进行研究,得出不同时期土地利用与景观格局的分布特征以及演变规律。土地利用分析上,用地构成方面除农用地和水域出现减少趋势外,剩余五类地类均呈增加态势。农用地与建筑用地一直是优势地类,两者变化趋势相反。在数量的增加速率上,建筑用地土地利用动态度的逐年增加体现了郑州市较快的发展势头。在土地类型的转移上,农用地、城市绿地和建筑用地的转出和转入在各个时段都比较突出。方位变化突出表明未来城市西北部扩展潜力较大,研究时段内城市重点发展方向逐渐向东-西轴向偏移。结合多种景观指数模型,对研究区景观格局时空变化规律进行研究。全局尺度类型水平分析表明,农用地和建筑用地的斑块破碎化均在加重,农用地的优势性正在大幅削弱。全局尺度景观水平分析上,研究区整体斑块形状趋于复杂,不规则性增加,景观类型组份分布越来越均匀。梯度尺度景观类型分析上,各类用地在一定的时间和空间范围内呈现出显著的渐变性规律。梯度尺度景观水平分析表明,城乡结合地带的连通性最差,景观多样性最高,聚合度最小。在土地利用和景观格局分析的基础上,通过空间自相关的相关方法,对郑州市景观多样性格局做进一步专题分析。时空分布变化分析表明,郑东新区发展迅速,景观多样性高值聚集,并且城市生态系统整体稳定性逐年增强。在空间自相关分析中,整体景观单元之间空间关联度高,郑东新区显著性最强。通过多样性的整体和局部自相关分析,总的来看,郑州市相邻区域间发展水平差异相对较小,郑州东部经济发展的周边带动性最强。
[Abstract]:The spatial and temporal pattern distribution and evolution trend of urban land use and landscape pattern have an important influence on urban sustainable development and ecological civilization construction. At the same time, geoscience information atlas can effectively reveal the spatial structure characteristics and dynamic changes of space and time through the different changes of graphic features and pedigree structure. The theory of land use change, the theory of landscape ecology and the theory of geoscience information atlas are organically combined, and the spatial and temporal sequence Atlas of land use, the temporal and spatial variation of landscape pattern and the thematic map of the spatio-temporal variation of landscape diversity are constructed by data processing, and 200 in Zhengzhou City, 200. The land use and landscape pattern of 15 years from 0 to 2015 were studied, and the distribution characteristics and evolution laws of land use and landscape patterns in different periods were obtained. In the analysis of land use, the remaining five types of land, except for the decreasing trend of agricultural land and water area, were increased. The agricultural land and construction land have been excellent. The trend of land use dynamic degree increased year by year in Zhengzhou. In the transfer of land type, the transfer and transfer of agricultural land, urban green space and construction land are more prominent in each time period. The azimuth change shows the future city. The expansion potential of the northwest part of the city is great, and the urban key development direction is gradually shifted East-West to the East and West during the study period. Combined with various landscape index models, the temporal and spatial variation of the landscape pattern in the study area is studied. The global scale type level analysis shows that the patch fragmentation of agricultural land and construction land is aggravating and the advantage of agricultural land. On the global scale landscape level analysis, the overall patch shape of the study area tends to be complex, the irregularity increases, and the distribution of landscape types is more and more uniform. On the analysis of the gradient scale landscape type, the gradient scale landscape level analysis is presented in a certain time and space range. It shows that the connectivity of the urban and rural areas is the worst, the landscape diversity is the highest and the degree of polymerization is the smallest. On the basis of the land use and landscape pattern analysis, the spatial autocorrelation method is used to make a further special analysis on the landscape diversity Bureau of Zhengzhou. The spatial and temporal distribution and variation analysis shows that the development of Zheng Dong new area is rapid and the landscape diversity is varied. In the spatial autocorrelation analysis, the spatial correlation degree between the whole landscape units is high and the Zheng Dong new area is the strongest. Through the overall and local autocorrelation analysis of diversity, the difference of the level of development level between the neighboring regions of Zhengzhou is relatively small, and the economy of Eastern Zhengzhou is the economy. The periphery of development is the strongest.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.113

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