4个观赏竹光合特性评价

发布时间：2018-07-04 21:08

本文选题：观赏竹 + 净光合速率　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：竹是重要的园林绿化植物,种类繁多,用途广泛。近年来,观赏竹的生态和环境景观功能日益受到人们的重视,市场前景十分广阔。为探究其在自然状态下的光合日变化和年变化规律和适合其生长的最适宜光照,本研究以4个3年生观赏竹(‘白纹阴阳竹’、‘鼓节竹’、‘花秆早竹’和‘美丽箬竹’)为试验材料,以1年为试验时间,运用美国Li-COR公司生产的L1-6400便携式光合作用测定系统,测定了净光合速率(Pn)、胞间C02浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、光合有效辐射(PAR)、叶面温度(Tleaf)与空气相对湿度(RH)等指标,同时测定了4个品种的净光合速率对光和C02的响应、叶片大小、氮含量以及及叶绿素含量。分析了净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间C02浓度、蒸腾速率、水分利用率、空气相对湿度、空气温度、光合有效辐射的日变化,净光合速率的年变化以及净光合速率和生理生态因子之间的相关关系。结果表明：4个观赏竹在一年中不同月份净光合速率日变化为单峰型和双峰型。白纹阴阳竹全年为单峰型,鼓节竹、花秆早竹和美丽箬竹在7月和8月为双峰型,存在光合午休现象,其他月份为单峰型。4个观赏竹净光合速率年变化趋势为先降低后上升,之后急剧上升,7月、8月和9月份达到峰值,之后下降。4个观赏竹的光补偿点为5.84-29.47μmo1·m-2-s-1,光饱和点为1143.28-2644.061μmo1-m-2·s"1,表观量子效率为0.047-0.087。4个品种的光饱和点均比较高,具有阳生植物的特点。4个观赏竹的C02补偿点为51.11-88.23μmo1·m-2·s-1,C02饱和点为1118.20-1784.26μmo1·m-2.s-1,梭化效率为0.016-0.055。不同的品种对C02的利用效率是不同的,其中鼓节竹C02饱和点最高,利用C02的范围最宽,花秆早竹C02补偿点最低,进行光合作用的起点低,其竣化效率也最低,对低浓度的C02利用率最大。影响观赏竹生理因子主要有胞间C02浓度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率,生态因子主要有光合有效辐射和叶面温度等。4个观赏竹叶片的形态和生理指标均存在显著性差异。美丽箬竹叶片长宽型,白纹阴阳竹和鼓节竹叶片为细长型,花秆早竹的叶片最小。4个观赏竹的叶片叶绿素含量和氮含量间也存在显著性差异,叶绿素最高的是鼓节竹,最低的是花秆早竹,氮含量最高为美丽箬竹,最低位花秆早竹,4个观赏竹的叶绿素含量与净光合速率均呈显著正相关。
[Abstract]:Bamboo is an important landscaping plant, a wide range of uses. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to the ecological and environmental landscape function of ornamental bamboo, and the market prospect is very broad. In order to study the diurnal and annual variation of photosynthesis and the optimum light for its growth, four 3-year-old ornamental bamboos ('white grain yin-yang bamboo') were used in this study. The L1-6400 portable photosynthesis measurement system, which was produced by Li-COR Company, was used as the experimental material and 1 year as the test time, using the L1-6400 portable photosynthesis measurement system produced by Li-COR Company, USA. Net photosynthetic rate (PN), intercellular CO2 concentration (ci), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), photosynthetic effective radiation (par), leaf surface temperature (Tleaf) and air relative humidity (RH) were measured. Nitrogen content and chlorophyll content. The diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, air relative humidity, air temperature and photosynthetic available radiation were analyzed. The annual variation of net photosynthetic rate and the correlation between net photosynthetic rate and physiological and ecological factors. The results showed that the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of four ornamental bamboo in different months of the year was single-peak and bimodal. Yin-yang bamboo is a single peak type in the whole year, and bimodal type in July and August, and the net photosynthetic rate of four ornamental bamboo decreased first and then increased. The light compensation points of the four ornamental bamboo varieties were 5.84-29.47 渭 mo1 m-2-s-1, the light saturation point was 1143.28-2644.061 渭 mo1-m-2 "s", and the apparent quantum efficiency was 0.047-0.087.4. The CO2 compensation point of the four ornamental bamboo was 51.11-88.23 渭 mo1 m-2 s-1C02 saturation point was 1118.20-1784.26 渭 mo1 m-2.s-1, and the shuttling efficiency was 0.016-0.055. The utilization efficiency of CO2 was different among different varieties, in which the saturation point of C02 was the highest, the range of using CO2 was the widest, the compensation point of C02 was the lowest, the starting point of photosynthesis was low, and the efficiency of photosynthesis was also the lowest. The utilization rate of CO2 was the highest at low concentration. The main physiological factors affecting ornamental bamboo were C02 concentration, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, ecological factors such as photosynthetic effective radiation and leaf surface temperature, etc. There were significant differences in morphological and physiological indexes among the four ornamental bamboo leaves. The leaf length and width type of Indocalamus amurensis, the slender leaves of Yin-yang bamboo with white grain and the leaf of phyllostachys japonica were the smallest, the chlorophyll content and nitrogen content of four ornamental bamboo leaves were also significantly different, and the highest chlorophyll content was phyllostachlorophyllum. The lowest is early flowering bamboo, the highest nitrogen content is Indocalamus amurensis, the lowest flower stalk is early bamboo, and the chlorophyll content of four ornamental bamboo has significant positive correlation with the net photosynthetic rate.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S795

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