西安市秋冬季节植物及景观研究
发布时间：2018-08-16 17:06
【摘要】：植物是园林景观构成的重要元素之一,植物是园林景观中最具生命力的景观元素,园林植物景观除了形成美好的观赏效果之外,还兼有生态、环境甚至经济等方面的效益。然而,由于气候环境的影响,一些城市在秋冬季节的植物景观相对单调,尤其是气候寒冷的冬季,许多城市甚至无景可观,导致城市吸引力逐渐降低,因此,城市秋冬季节的植物景观问题亟待解决。文章以西安市主城区作为研究对象,采用抽样调查的方法,抽选西安市秋冬季植物观赏效果较好的绿地,调查记录秋冬季节具有景观价值的园林植物及其景观表现,并通过查阅文献、对比分析等方法,对西安市秋冬季节的植物及景观表现进行探索,探讨出能体现西安市秋冬季地域景观特色的植物景观配置模式,总结出适合西安市秋冬植物景观营造的原则和策略。文章分析了城市秋冬季节园林植物的造景要满足四大原则:科学生态原则、艺术审美原则、文化内涵原则及功能实用原则,同时提出秋冬季节的园林植物的布局形式也分为自然式和规则式两种。通过调查,统计出西安市秋冬季节可观赏的植物有292种,隶属于72科156属,其中常绿植物90种,色叶植物107种,观花植物29种,观果植物87种,观枝干植物22种,此外还有一些观姿形植物、观芽植物等,并将这些植物及其观赏价值与应用形式一一列举。调查中也发现这些植物的景观表现存在一些问题:一是景观单调,有失活泼;二是未注重局部小气候的影响;三是植物的冬态美利用不充分,这些秋冬季节可观赏的植物中,常用于城市绿化的种类却不到50%。针对西安市秋冬季节的植物景观现状,文章分别提出了不同类别观赏植物的景观建设研究,并提出要“三靠植物”丰富物种多样性及“四靠措施”保证景观多样性,通过两方面合力来提升西安市秋冬季节的植物景观效果。最后,文章推荐了西安市秋冬季节景观效果较好的乡土植物、兼具环保功能的景观植物以及生态景观效益较好的植物群落配置,以期为西安市乃至陕西地区今后的城市植物景观设计和构想提供一定的理论依据和指导。
[Abstract]:Plant is one of the important elements of landscape architecture, and plant is the most vital landscape element in garden landscape. In addition to forming beautiful ornamental effect, garden plant landscape also has ecological, environmental and even economic benefits. However, due to the influence of climate and environment, the plant landscape of some cities is relatively monotonous in autumn and winter, especially in the cold winter. The problem of plant landscape in autumn and winter is urgent to be solved. This paper takes the main urban area of Xi'an as the research object, selects the green space with better ornamental effect in autumn and winter, and records the landscape value of garden plants and their landscape performance in autumn and winter. By means of literature review and comparative analysis, this paper explores the plant and landscape performance in autumn and winter seasons in Xi'an, and discusses the plant landscape configuration model which can reflect the regional landscape characteristics of autumn and winter in Xi'an. The principles and strategies of plant landscape construction suitable for autumn and winter in Xi'an are summarized. This paper analyzes the four principles of landscape construction of urban garden plants in autumn and winter seasons: scientific ecological principle, artistic aesthetic principle, cultural connotation principle and functional and practical principle, and analyzes the following four principles: scientific ecological principle, artistic aesthetic principle, cultural connotation principle and functional and practical principle. At the same time, the layout of garden plants in autumn and winter is divided into two types: natural and regular. According to the investigation, 292 species of ornamental plants were found in autumn and winter seasons in Xi'an, belonging to 156 genera of 72 families. Among them, 90 species of evergreen plants, 107 species of color-leaf plants, 29 species of flowering plants, 87 species of fruit watching plants and 22 species of branch and stem plants. In addition, there are some ornamental plants, budding plants and so on, and the ornamental value and application form of these plants are listed one by one. The investigation also found that there are some problems in the landscape performance of these plants: first, the landscape is monotonous and inactive; second, the influence of local microclimate is not paid attention to; and third, the winter beauty of the plants is not fully utilized, among the plants that can be seen in the autumn and winter seasons, Less than 50 species are often used in urban greening. In view of the present situation of plant landscape in autumn and winter seasons in Xi'an, this paper puts forward the research on landscape construction of different ornamental plants, and points out that it is necessary to enrich species diversity and ensure landscape diversity by "three depending plants" and "four measures". The effect of plant landscape in autumn and winter season of Xi'an is improved through two aspects of joint efforts. Finally, the paper recommends the local plants with better landscape effect in autumn and winter in Xi'an, landscape plants with environmental protection function and plant community allocation with better ecological landscape benefits. In order to provide some theoretical basis and guidance for the design and conception of urban plant landscape in Xi'an and Shaanxi.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S688;TU986
本文编号：2186626
[Abstract]:Plant is one of the important elements of landscape architecture, and plant is the most vital landscape element in garden landscape. In addition to forming beautiful ornamental effect, garden plant landscape also has ecological, environmental and even economic benefits. However, due to the influence of climate and environment, the plant landscape of some cities is relatively monotonous in autumn and winter, especially in the cold winter. The problem of plant landscape in autumn and winter is urgent to be solved. This paper takes the main urban area of Xi'an as the research object, selects the green space with better ornamental effect in autumn and winter, and records the landscape value of garden plants and their landscape performance in autumn and winter. By means of literature review and comparative analysis, this paper explores the plant and landscape performance in autumn and winter seasons in Xi'an, and discusses the plant landscape configuration model which can reflect the regional landscape characteristics of autumn and winter in Xi'an. The principles and strategies of plant landscape construction suitable for autumn and winter in Xi'an are summarized. This paper analyzes the four principles of landscape construction of urban garden plants in autumn and winter seasons: scientific ecological principle, artistic aesthetic principle, cultural connotation principle and functional and practical principle, and analyzes the following four principles: scientific ecological principle, artistic aesthetic principle, cultural connotation principle and functional and practical principle. At the same time, the layout of garden plants in autumn and winter is divided into two types: natural and regular. According to the investigation, 292 species of ornamental plants were found in autumn and winter seasons in Xi'an, belonging to 156 genera of 72 families. Among them, 90 species of evergreen plants, 107 species of color-leaf plants, 29 species of flowering plants, 87 species of fruit watching plants and 22 species of branch and stem plants. In addition, there are some ornamental plants, budding plants and so on, and the ornamental value and application form of these plants are listed one by one. The investigation also found that there are some problems in the landscape performance of these plants: first, the landscape is monotonous and inactive; second, the influence of local microclimate is not paid attention to; and third, the winter beauty of the plants is not fully utilized, among the plants that can be seen in the autumn and winter seasons, Less than 50 species are often used in urban greening. In view of the present situation of plant landscape in autumn and winter seasons in Xi'an, this paper puts forward the research on landscape construction of different ornamental plants, and points out that it is necessary to enrich species diversity and ensure landscape diversity by "three depending plants" and "four measures". The effect of plant landscape in autumn and winter season of Xi'an is improved through two aspects of joint efforts. Finally, the paper recommends the local plants with better landscape effect in autumn and winter in Xi'an, landscape plants with environmental protection function and plant community allocation with better ecological landscape benefits. In order to provide some theoretical basis and guidance for the design and conception of urban plant landscape in Xi'an and Shaanxi.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S688;TU986
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 郑西平;张启翔;;北京城市园林绿化植物应用现状与展望[J];中国园林;2011年05期
，本文编号：2186626
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