北方方言儿化的音系分析

发布时间：2018-05-06 12:03

本文选题：儿化 + 北方方言　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：儿化是一种音节合并现象。通常来说,儿化主要被用于表小和区别意义与词类。儿化是北方方言的一个主要的共同特征。尽管学者已经对某一方言的儿化现象做过多方面的深入研究,但对于北方方言儿化的整体研究还比较罕见。那么北方方言的儿化现象仅仅是儿化特征在原有音节上的简单附着吗?不同方言间的儿化现象是否存在相似性或差异?本文将就这两个问题用音系学的方法加以探讨。优选论是一个产生于九十年代初期的语言学理论。它的主要观点在于认为语法是由一个个相互冲突的制约条件组成的系统。优选论自诞生以来就被广泛用于音系学的研究,也有不少学者利用优选论来研究汉语的儿化现象。本文将利用优选论限制条件的排序对北方方言不同类型的儿化现象进行研究。本文分为六个章节。第一章主要介绍相关背景信息,包括对儿化的定义和汉语音节结构的介绍。本文对儿化的分析是基于将"儿"看做一个特征,而不是一个音段。本文的研究对象也在这一章提出。第二章是文献综述,详细介绍了关于儿化的不同类型的研究,涉及到关于儿化的各种领域的研究以及不同的研究方法,从而提出了本文的研究目标及意义。第三章是本文主要分析方法优选论的介绍。本文将采用优选论这一当代语言学的优秀理论来进行北方方言儿化现象的分析,旨在为北方方言儿化现象的研究提供一个新的角度。其他语言学研究方法的弊端也在本章中有所提及。第四章展示了来自北方八大方言的代表地区的儿化现象。这些方言中的韵母以及它们在儿化后的对应形式都被列出并辅以例子加以说明。同时每个方言点的儿化类型也被一一列举。第五章是对北方方言儿化的优选论分析。这一章提出了儿化现象所涉及到的多种限制条件,以及这些限制条件在不同方言中的优先性排序。第六章是全文的总结。这一章总结了北方方言各个方言点所体现的儿化现象的共同点和差异。儿化现象不是仅仅在原有韵母上加上儿化特征就能实现的。不同的韵母在儿化后有不同的变化和表现形式,同一韵母在不同方言点之间也存在差异。但是我们发现北方方言儿化并不是完全不可预测的,而是有一定的规律性。
[Abstract]:Pediatrics is a phenomenon of syllable amalgamation. In general, Pediaturization is mainly used to represent small and distinguish meanings from parts of speech. Erhua is one of the main common features of northern dialects. Although scholars have done a lot of in-depth research on the phenomenon of a dialect, but the overall study of the Northern dialect is rare. So the phenomenon of Pediaturization in Northern dialect is only the simple attachment of the characteristics of Pediaturization on the original syllable? Are there similarities or differences between different dialects? This paper will discuss these two problems by means of phonology. The theory of optimal selection is a linguistic theory that originated in the early 1990s. Its main point is that grammar is a system of conflicting constraints. The theory of optimal selection has been widely used in phonological studies since its birth, and many scholars have used it to study the phenomenon of Pediatrics in Chinese. In this paper, we study the different types of catechism in northern dialects by using the ranking of optimal selection constraints. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the background information, including the definition of Erhua and the Chinese syllable structure. The analysis of Pediaturization in this paper is based on the view of "er" as a feature, not a syllable. The research object of this paper is also put forward in this chapter. The second chapter is a literature review, the detailed introduction of different types of research on the conversion, involving the various fields of research and different research methods, so as to put forward the research objectives and significance of this paper. The third chapter is the introduction of the main analysis method. This paper will use the excellent theory of selection in contemporary linguistics to analyze the phenomenon of Peditization in Northern dialects in order to provide a new angle for the study of the phenomenon of Pediatrics in Northern dialects. The disadvantages of other linguistic research methods are also mentioned in this chapter. The fourth chapter shows the phenomenon of Peditization from the representative areas of eight northern dialects. The vowels and their corresponding forms in these dialects are listed and illustrated with examples. At the same time, each dialect point of the type of Pediaturization is also listed one by one. The fifth chapter is the analysis of the optimal selection of northern dialects. In this chapter, several restrictions are proposed, and the precedence of these constraints in different dialects is given. The sixth chapter is the summary of the full text. This chapter summarizes the common points and differences in the phenomenon of Peditization embodied in each dialect of the Northern dialect. The phenomenon of Pediatrics is not only realized by adding the characteristics of Pediatrics to the original vowels. Different vowels have different changes and forms after the transformation, and the same vowels are different between different dialect points. But we find that the Northern dialect is not completely unpredictable, but has certain regularity.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H172.1

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