论志贺直哉初期作品中的母亲形象

发布时间：2018-01-20 03:36

本文关键词： 志贺直哉母亲形象家庭初期作品　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：志贺直哉是从明治末期起,经历大正,昭和年代,长期活跃在日本近代文坛的白桦派代表性作家。在志贺的作品中,以自身生活为题材写的私小说和随笔非常多。总体来看,现实生活中与父亲的不和是志贺文学创作的一大原动力。然而在志贺的初期作品中,关于母亲或祖母的描写甚至较父亲更多一些。本篇论文主要通过文本分析的方法,总结归纳志贺直哉初期作品中的母亲形象特征。再结合现存的作家草稿,笔记,书信等文献资料,对作家创作时的心态和时代背景进行探讨。最后对从中体现出来的作者观念也进行简要的分析。关于志贺直哉文学创作的初期阶段,在参照先行研究的基础上,将初期定为从处女作《某个清晨》与《到网走》写就的1908年,到开始了2年多空白期的1914年之间。通过对这个阶段作品的分析,总结出在志贺直哉的初期作品中,母亲形象在性格方面可以归纳为母性,软弱的两大特征;在命运方面,可以总结为不幸这一个特征。值得注意的一点是,母亲形象中的软弱特征往往体现在作品中的母亲对家庭中的男性成员事事顺从,一遇事不敢自己拿主意,产生不安或不满情绪时,唯有独自落泪这一点上。这个软弱其实并非某个个体特有的软弱性格,而是母亲们家庭地位低,精神不够独立,一切从属于男性的体现。而志贺直哉对作品中母亲不幸命运的描写,则侧重强调了家庭中丈夫的薄情寡义,儿子的刁蛮任性,是使得母亲付出的爱情与辛劳得不到回报,陷入不幸的罪魁祸首。这主要来自志贺所看到的父亲对生母和继母的对待方式。生母去世时父亲滴泪未流的薄情表现,自己心中对母亲不幸的同情,都被志贺直哉融入进了作品当中。此外,当时社会盛行的良母贤妻女子教育思想,也影响到了志贺直哉对母亲的看法。在他的笔下,母亲这一身份,和丈夫,孩子的关系往往被强调,而对于母亲本人,则没有深入的心理描写。这和当时注重女性的家庭角色,忽视女性的独立人格发展的社会氛围是一致的。志贺直哉在初期作品中描写的母亲的母性和软弱的性格特质,显得极其的平面化和脸谱化。由于生活中对女性,对母亲的了解不够深入,使得志贺只能站在自己的视角上,去描写对自己而言的,自己理想中的母亲。志贺只是沿着自己被社会,家庭传统影响的固有观念,将母亲形象作为了表现自己对母爱渴求,对父亲不满的符号与工具。
[Abstract]:Zhihe Zhiya is a representative writer of Bai Hua school who has been active in Japan's modern literary world for a long time since the end of Meiji and experienced the era of Taisho and Showa in the works of Shiga. There are a lot of personal novels and essays written on the subject of one's own life. In general, discord with father in real life is a major motive force of Shiga literary creation. However, in the early works of Shiga. The description of mother or grandmother is even more than father. This paper mainly through the text analysis method, summarizes and summarizes the mother image characteristics in the early works, and then combines with the existing draft of the writer. Notes, letters and other documents, the writer's writing mentality and the background of the times are discussed. Finally, the author's concept from the brief analysis. About the early stage of Zhihe Zhiya literary creation. On the basis of the first research, the initial period was set as 1908, which was written from the first work "some early morning" and "to the net". To the beginning of more than 2 years of blank period between 1914. Through the analysis of this stage of the works, summed up in the early works, the image of mother in character can be summed up as motherhood. Two characteristics of weakness; In the aspect of fate, it can be summed up as a feature of misfortune. It is worth noting that the weakness of the image of mother is often reflected in the mother's obedience to the male members of the family. When you don't dare to make up your mind, you can only cry alone when you feel uneasy or discontented. This weakness is not the weakness of an individual, but the low status of the mothers at home. The spirit is not independent, everything is subordinate to the embodiment of the male. The description of the unfortunate fate of the mother in Zhihe's works emphasizes the lack of love and justice of the husband in the family, and the obstinate and wayward nature of the son. It is the love and toil that make the mother pay no return. The chief culprit for misfortune. This comes mainly from the way Shiga saw the father treat his biological mother and stepmother. The father's unshed tears at the mother's death showed his sympathy for his mother's misfortune. In addition, the educational thought of good mother and good wife in the society at that time also influenced Zhihe's view of mother. In his writing, the identity of mother, and husband. The relationship between children is often emphasized, but for the mother himself, there is no in-depth psychological description. This is the focus on the role of women in the family at that time. The social atmosphere of neglecting the development of independent personality of women is consistent. The mother's motherhood and weak character characteristics described in his early works are extremely flat and factionalized. The understanding of the mother is not deep enough, so Shiga can only stand on their own perspective, to describe their ideal mother. Shiga is just along their own social, family tradition. The image of mother is used as a symbol and tool to express one's desire for maternal love and dissatisfaction with father.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I313.074

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