后天启世界之旅：小说《路》中的旅行叙事

发布时间：2018-04-10 06:21

本文选题：科马克·麦卡锡　切入点：《路》　出处：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为诺奖当世呼声最高的美国作家,科马克·麦卡锡(Cormac McCarthy,1933)被誉为最杰出的当代美国小说家之一。他的最新小说《路》一经发表,便获得了巨大成功,为他赢得了另一大奖——普利策小说奖。麦卡锡的所有小说几乎都与旅行有关,旅行不仅仅是他小说的主题,也是小说展开的故事模式。同时,道路作为特殊的“时空体”也使得他的小说总在此铺叙。旅行不仅仅是他的文学创作主题与叙事模式,也和麦卡锡从家乡罗德岛一路迁移到新墨西哥的人生经历遥相呼应,在他的小说中,西方文学传统中的旅行叙事得到了继承和创新。在小说《路》中,麦卡锡描绘了一个后天启的末日世界。那里,几乎一切曾经高度发展的文明都已消失殆尽,只有少数幸存的人们挣扎在生存的边缘,承受着身份的失落与生存方向的迷失。面对生存的困厄,小说主要人物“父亲”决定与“儿子”南下,试图寻找一丝生存的可能。末世中出生并于末世中成长的儿子,在他艰难的人生旅途中逐渐成熟,决意用善意救赎世界,在旅途中开启新未来的可能。作为经典文学叙事模式,旅行叙事经久不衰。古老的《圣经》与《荷马史诗》一直都在演绎人类不懈追寻的内涵。小说《路》以传统旅行叙事模式为框架,且被注入了新的时代内涵,可以说,麦卡锡赋予了经典旅行叙事更加丰富的艺术主题和现实意义。研究《路》中的旅行叙事,不仅可以有助于深刻理解麦卡锡对人类最终命运的深刻忧思,更是可以探讨小说对现实世界的启示意义。论文的引言部分介绍了麦卡锡和他的旅行情结以及国内外麦卡锡作品的研究现状,同时论文的基本框架有所提及。论文第一章追溯了旅行叙事在西方文学中的叙事传统以及在美国文学史中的发展,同时也阐述了现代旅行中的不确定性。第二章分析了小说《路》中的追寻与救赎,探索主要人物在后天启世界中的生存与救赎之旅。此外,旅行中小说主要人物所遭遇的善与恶的冲突以及儿子作为新人类的重要意蕴,也有所涉及。第三章详细探讨了麦卡锡在小说《路》中的创新之处,即后现代旅行叙事形式,试图发展传统叙事模式。结语部分,论文指出麦卡锡在小说《路》中采取的旅行叙事,表明了个人的旅途承载的不仅是个人与自我,更是个人与自然乃至个人与世界的关系。在后天启世界,旅行成为人们寻找生存可能以及实现心灵救赎的唯一方法。麦卡锡将不同社会阶层的人的命运交织在道路这个时空体里,从而将道路的范围从个人的人生轨迹拓展至整个人类的未来道路,反映了麦卡锡对个体以及人类整体命运前景的担忧。
[Abstract]:As the most acclaimed American writer in the world, Cormack McCarthyn 1933 is regarded as one of the most outstanding contemporary American novelists.His latest novel, Road, won him another prize, the Pulitzer Prize, when it was published.Almost all of McCarthy's novels are related to travel, which is not only the subject of his novels, but also the story pattern of his novels.At the same time, the road as a special "space-time body" also makes his novels always here.Travel is not only his literary themes and narrative patterns, but also the life experience of McCarthy's journey from his hometown of Rhode Island to New Mexico, in his novels.The travel narrative in the western literary tradition has been inherited and innovated.In the novel Road, McCarthy depicts a post-apocalyptic world.There, almost all the once highly developed civilizations have disappeared, only a few of the surviving people are struggling on the edge of survival, bearing the loss of identity and the loss of the direction of survival.In the face of the plight of survival, the main character of the novel, Father, decides to go south with son, trying to find a possibility of survival.A son born and raised in the end, matured in his difficult journey, determined to save the world with goodwill, and to open the way to a new future.As a classical literary narrative mode, travel narrative has a long history.The ancient Bible and Homer Epic have been interpreting the meaning of mankind's relentless pursuit.The novel "Road" takes the traditional travel narrative mode as the frame and is infused with the new connotation of the times. It can be said that McCarthy endowed the classical travel narrative with a richer artistic theme and practical significance.The study of the travel narration in Road can not only help to understand McCarthy's profound worries about the ultimate fate of human beings, but also probe into the enlightenment of the novel to the real world.The introduction of the paper introduces McCarthy and his travel complex, as well as the current research situation of McCarthy's works at home and abroad, and the basic framework of the paper has been mentioned.The first chapter traces the narrative tradition of travel narration in western literature and its development in the history of American literature. At the same time, it expounds the uncertainty in modern travel.The second chapter analyzes the pursuit and redemption in the novel Road and explores the survival and redemption journey of the main characters in the post-apocalyptic world.In addition, the conflict between the good and evil encountered by the main characters in the novel and the important implication of the son as a new human are also involved.The third chapter discusses the innovation of McCarthy in the novel Road, that is, post-modern travel narrative form, trying to develop the traditional narrative mode.In conclusion, the thesis points out that the travel narration adopted by McCarthy in the novel Road shows that the personal journey bears not only the relationship between the individual and himself, but also between the individual and nature and even between the individual and the world.In the post-apocalyptic world, travel becomes the only way to find the possibility of survival and achieve spiritual salvation.McCarthy interweaves the fate of people of different social classes in the space-time body of the road, thus expanding the scope of the road from the personal life track to the future path of the entire human race.It reflects McCarthy's concern about the fate of individuals and human beings as a whole.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074

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