加兹达诺夫创作中的自传性和存在主义
发布时间：2018-09-14 14:32
【摘要】：加兹达诺夫(1903-1971)作为俄罗斯侨民文学“第一浪潮”中的杰出作家,他的创作被视为是俄侨文学中珍贵的文化遗产。处在俄罗斯和西欧文学传统交叉点上的加兹达诺夫,不仅继承和发展了俄罗斯文学的优良传统,还吸收和运用了法国文学的精华。因此,评论家称其为“布宁唯一的学生”、“俄罗斯的加缪”、陀思妥耶夫斯基、果戈理、契诃夫的追随者等。加兹达诺夫在移民后开始了自己的创作生涯。1926年发表了他的处女作《未来旅馆》,随后陆续在杂志上发表短篇小说。1929年,第一部长篇小说《克莱尔家之夜》问世。加兹达诺夫用自己的方式在作品中向读者展示了俄国革命、国内战争、二战以及在巴黎的侨民生活等等。俄罗斯文学界对于加兹达诺夫创作的研究始于20世纪90年代。至今,已有大量系统的分析和研究,在俄罗斯国内已经形成了“加兹达诺夫学”。遗憾的是我国读者对于加兹达诺夫知之甚少。目前仅有少数学者发表了关于其创作的研究成果,而且对于加兹达诺夫的诗学特征和审美意识还缺乏深入系统的研究。与加兹达诺夫在俄罗斯文学进程中的重要性及其作品被广泛阅读的情况相比,其创作在中国的研究还不能令人满意,因此,我们认为有必要深入系统地研究他的创作特色,以便对俄罗斯侨民文学有更好的了解。本论文主要采用比较分析法和系统归纳法对加兹达诺夫创作中最重要的两个特点——自传性和存在主义意识进行了研究。论文立足于加兹达诺夫对俄罗斯文学和西欧文学的继承,在阅读和分析了大量不同学者的研究成果和其他文献资料的基础上,将加兹达诺夫及他的作品放在20世纪的时代大背景之下,对其生平和创作进行研究,从两个角度深入地分析了这两个创作特征。经研究得出了如下结论:加兹达诺夫的创作是博采众长的结果,也是俄法两国社会文化和文学熏陶的产物。在他的作品中不仅能看到对陀思妥耶夫斯基、契诃夫、屠格涅夫等俄罗斯经典作家的继承,还能发现法国文学中意识流、存在主义等诸多流派的创作手法。自传性是加兹达诺夫作品中最重要的叙事手法之一。作家生活中发生的重大事件在其作品中都有体现。将作家的个人成长经历和创作结合起来,可以发现,作品的情节并不是完完全全与现实生活相一致,纪实性和虚构的手法巧妙地结合在一起。存在主义在加兹达诺夫的审美意识中占据重要地位。俄罗斯和法国的存在主义都对它产生了一定的影响。一方面,加兹达诺夫的存在主义意识与法国作家加缪、马塞尔等不乏相似之处;另一方面,加兹达诺夫继承了陀思妥耶夫斯基和契诃夫的存在主义思想。
[Abstract]:As an outstanding writer in the first wave of the Russian diaspora literature, Garz Danov (1903-1971) is regarded as a precious cultural heritage in the literature of Russian expatriates. At the intersection of Russian and Western European literary tradition, Garz Danov not only inherits and develops the fine tradition of Russian literature, but also absorbs and uses the essence of French literature. Critics call it the only student of Bunin, Camus of Russia, Dostoevsky, Gogol, Chekhov's followers, etc. Garz Danov began his career after emigration. In 1926, he published his first novel, Hotel of the Future, and then published a short story in a magazine. In 1929, the first novel, Clare's Home Night, was published. In his own way, Garz Danov shows readers the Russian Revolution, the Civil War, World War II, and expatriate life in Paris. The study of Garz Danov's creation in Russian literary circles began in the 1990 s. So far, a large number of systematic analysis and research, in Russia has formed a "Garz Danov study." Unfortunately, our readers know very little about Garz Danov. At present, only a few scholars have published the research results on his creation, and there is a lack of deep and systematic research on the poetic characteristics and aesthetic consciousness of Garz Danov. Compared with the importance of Garz Danov in the process of Russian literature and the extensive reading of his works, the study of his creation in China is not satisfactory. Therefore, we think it is necessary to study his creative characteristics in depth and systematically. In order to have a better understanding of the literature of the Russian diaspora. In this paper, comparative analysis and systematic induction are used to study the two most important characteristics of Garz Danov's creation: autobiographical and existential consciousness. Based on the inheritance of Russian literature and Western European literature by Garz Danov, this paper has read and analyzed the research results and other literature materials of a large number of different scholars. Under the background of the 20th century, Garz Danov and his works are studied on his life and creation, and the two creative characteristics are deeply analyzed from two angles. The conclusion is as follows: the creation of Garz Danov is the result of extensive learning, and it is also the product of the social culture and literature of Russia and France. In his works, we can not only see the inheritance of Dostoevsky, Chekhov, Turgenev and other classical Russian writers, but also discover the stream of consciousness and existentialism in French literature. Autobiographical is one of the most important narrative techniques in Garz Danov's works. The great events in the writer's life are reflected in his works. By combining the writer's personal experience with creation, it can be found that the plot of the work is not completely consistent with the real life, and the documentary and fictional techniques are skillfully combined. Existentialism plays an important role in Garz Danov's aesthetic consciousness. The existentialism of Russia and France had a certain influence on it. On the one hand, the existentialism of Danov is similar to that of the French writers Camus and Marcel; on the other hand, he inherits Dostoevsky and Chekhov's existentialism.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I512.074
本文编号：2242981
[Abstract]:As an outstanding writer in the first wave of the Russian diaspora literature, Garz Danov (1903-1971) is regarded as a precious cultural heritage in the literature of Russian expatriates. At the intersection of Russian and Western European literary tradition, Garz Danov not only inherits and develops the fine tradition of Russian literature, but also absorbs and uses the essence of French literature. Critics call it the only student of Bunin, Camus of Russia, Dostoevsky, Gogol, Chekhov's followers, etc. Garz Danov began his career after emigration. In 1926, he published his first novel, Hotel of the Future, and then published a short story in a magazine. In 1929, the first novel, Clare's Home Night, was published. In his own way, Garz Danov shows readers the Russian Revolution, the Civil War, World War II, and expatriate life in Paris. The study of Garz Danov's creation in Russian literary circles began in the 1990 s. So far, a large number of systematic analysis and research, in Russia has formed a "Garz Danov study." Unfortunately, our readers know very little about Garz Danov. At present, only a few scholars have published the research results on his creation, and there is a lack of deep and systematic research on the poetic characteristics and aesthetic consciousness of Garz Danov. Compared with the importance of Garz Danov in the process of Russian literature and the extensive reading of his works, the study of his creation in China is not satisfactory. Therefore, we think it is necessary to study his creative characteristics in depth and systematically. In order to have a better understanding of the literature of the Russian diaspora. In this paper, comparative analysis and systematic induction are used to study the two most important characteristics of Garz Danov's creation: autobiographical and existential consciousness. Based on the inheritance of Russian literature and Western European literature by Garz Danov, this paper has read and analyzed the research results and other literature materials of a large number of different scholars. Under the background of the 20th century, Garz Danov and his works are studied on his life and creation, and the two creative characteristics are deeply analyzed from two angles. The conclusion is as follows: the creation of Garz Danov is the result of extensive learning, and it is also the product of the social culture and literature of Russia and France. In his works, we can not only see the inheritance of Dostoevsky, Chekhov, Turgenev and other classical Russian writers, but also discover the stream of consciousness and existentialism in French literature. Autobiographical is one of the most important narrative techniques in Garz Danov's works. The great events in the writer's life are reflected in his works. By combining the writer's personal experience with creation, it can be found that the plot of the work is not completely consistent with the real life, and the documentary and fictional techniques are skillfully combined. Existentialism plays an important role in Garz Danov's aesthetic consciousness. The existentialism of Russia and France had a certain influence on it. On the one hand, the existentialism of Danov is similar to that of the French writers Camus and Marcel; on the other hand, he inherits Dostoevsky and Chekhov's existentialism.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I512.074
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