焦虑与防御理论下解读《纯真年代》中的主人公
发布时间：2018-11-16 12:02
【摘要】：伊迪斯·华顿(1862-1937)是美国最重要的女作家之一。华顿对她的生活环境比较敏感,擅长描述美国贵族社会生活中的风俗和行为准则。她的小说《纯真年代》(1920)于1921年获得普利策文学奖,从此华顿成为获得该奖项的第一位女性。这部小说讲述了主人公纽兰·阿切尔、艾伦·奥兰斯卡以及梅·韦兰德之间复杂的情感纠葛。在前人研究的基础上,该文试图运用弗洛伊德焦虑和防御机制理论分析主人公的复杂心路历程,主要探究他们的焦虑以及他们是如何采用防御机制应对焦虑以达到内心平静。本文由六个部分组成。引言简要介绍了作品的研究背景,并且指出了本研究的理论意义和现实意义。第一章主要介绍了作者的生平经历及她的作品《纯真年代》,由分析作者创作的心路历程得知,《纯真年代》这部作品是作者个人经历的体现。第二章主要介绍了国内外研究现状。第三章系统地介绍了弗洛伊德精神分析理论。第四章主要分析了纽兰运用认同防御机制来应对由违背老纽约传统标准带来的道德性这部焦虑,以及运用合理化和幻想防御机制来减轻由责任感的婚姻与浪漫爱情间的抉择带来的神经性焦虑;接着分析了爱伦运用抵消和升华防御机制来减轻由对梅的婚姻破坏带来的道德性焦虑;最后分析了梅运用反向形成和内投防御机制来应对由爱伦的威胁与纽兰的离弃带来的现实性焦虑。最后一部分是结论。适当的自我防御机制不仅可以缓解主人公的个人焦虑以实现他们的内心和平与精神和谐,对现代生活也具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Edith Wharton (1862-1937) is one of the most important female writers in the United States. Wharton is sensitive to her living environment and is good at describing the customs and codes of conduct in the aristocratic society of the United States. Her novel the Age of innocence (1920) won the Pulitzer Prize for Literature in 1921, and Wharton became the first woman to win it. The novel tells the complex emotional entanglement between the protagonists Newland Archer, Alan Olenska and May Weyland. On the basis of previous studies, this paper attempts to use Freud's theory of anxiety and defense mechanism to analyze the protagonist's complex mental process, mainly to explore their anxiety and how they use defense mechanism to cope with anxiety in order to achieve inner peace. This paper consists of six parts. The introduction briefly introduces the research background of the works, and points out the theoretical and practical significance of this study. The first chapter mainly introduces the author's life experience and her work "the Age of Pure", which is the embodiment of the author's personal experience from the analysis of the author's mental process. The second chapter mainly introduces the domestic and foreign research status. The third chapter systematically introduces Freud's psychoanalysis theory. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes Newland's application of identity defense mechanism to deal with the moral anxiety caused by violating the traditional standards of old New York. And the use of rationalization and fantasy defense mechanism to reduce the sense of responsibility between marriage and romantic love between the choice brought about by the nervous anxiety; Then it analyzes Ellen's use of countervailing and sublimation defense mechanism to alleviate the moral anxiety caused by the destruction of Mei's marriage. In the end, the author analyzes Mei's realistic anxiety caused by Ellen's threat and Newland's abandonment by using the mechanism of reverse formation and introjection. The last part is the conclusion. Proper self-defense mechanism can not only alleviate the personal anxiety of the protagonists in order to realize their inner peace and spiritual harmony, but also has certain guiding significance to modern life.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
[Abstract]:Edith Wharton (1862-1937) is one of the most important female writers in the United States. Wharton is sensitive to her living environment and is good at describing the customs and codes of conduct in the aristocratic society of the United States. Her novel the Age of innocence (1920) won the Pulitzer Prize for Literature in 1921, and Wharton became the first woman to win it. The novel tells the complex emotional entanglement between the protagonists Newland Archer, Alan Olenska and May Weyland. On the basis of previous studies, this paper attempts to use Freud's theory of anxiety and defense mechanism to analyze the protagonist's complex mental process, mainly to explore their anxiety and how they use defense mechanism to cope with anxiety in order to achieve inner peace. This paper consists of six parts. The introduction briefly introduces the research background of the works, and points out the theoretical and practical significance of this study. The first chapter mainly introduces the author's life experience and her work "the Age of Pure", which is the embodiment of the author's personal experience from the analysis of the author's mental process. The second chapter mainly introduces the domestic and foreign research status. The third chapter systematically introduces Freud's psychoanalysis theory. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes Newland's application of identity defense mechanism to deal with the moral anxiety caused by violating the traditional standards of old New York. And the use of rationalization and fantasy defense mechanism to reduce the sense of responsibility between marriage and romantic love between the choice brought about by the nervous anxiety; Then it analyzes Ellen's use of countervailing and sublimation defense mechanism to alleviate the moral anxiety caused by the destruction of Mei's marriage. In the end, the author analyzes Mei's realistic anxiety caused by Ellen's threat and Newland's abandonment by using the mechanism of reverse formation and introjection. The last part is the conclusion. Proper self-defense mechanism can not only alleviate the personal anxiety of the protagonists in order to realize their inner peace and spiritual harmony, but also has certain guiding significance to modern life.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I712.074
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