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《丧钟为谁而鸣》的存在主义解读

发布时间:2022-01-19 06:56
  海明威的小说《丧钟为谁而鸣》是以西班牙内战为历史背景创作的一部战争题材的作品。故事围绕主人公乔丹接受一次炸桥任务开始,通过一系列跌宕起伏的故事情节的描写,谱写了一曲发生在三个昼夜的有关青春,爱情,生命,责任的赞歌。本文论述部分主要包括三章。第三章,通过论述小说中主要人物的主动选择体现了萨特所主张的“存在先于本质”的观点,即人们可以自己选择自己的生活,并通过不同的选择表现出不同的性格特征和本质特性。第四章,讨论了小说中所揭示的荒谬和虚无。无论是从战争的滥杀无辜,到自然界中的反常现象以及人与人之间的不和谐都是存在主义理论所涉及和关注的现象。战争的爆发对人性进行了无情的摧残,破坏了人们对美好生活的向往,并且使人们的内心产生了一系列悲观情绪。空虚,焦虑像一张无形的网罩在人们的头上,使得人们看不到光明也因此迷失在绝望和痛苦中。战争作为一种非理性的不和谐的因素阻碍了人们对幸福生活的追求。第五章,通过论述乔丹和两位女主人公在战争中的英勇行为以及他们对共和国事业的无私奉献精神,体现了其性格中所具有的勇于担当的责任感和面对困难时的不屈不挠坚韧和不拔的精神。《丧钟为谁而鸣》是一部具有深厚历史背景的鸿篇巨著... 

【文章来源】:云南师范大学云南省

【文章页数】:92 页

【学位级别】:硕士

【文章目录】:
Acknowledgements
Abstract
中文摘要
Introduction
Chapter One Literature Review
    1.1 Studies in View of Biography and Historical Background
    1.2 Studies in View of Writing Styles and Theme
    1.3 Comments and Contribution
Chapter Two Theoretical Framework and Application
    2.1 An Overview of Existentialism
        2.1.1 A Background of Existentialism
        2.1.2 The Main Representatives of Existentialism
        2.1.3 The Main Viewpoints of Existentialism
    2.2 Sartre’s Contribution to Existentialism
        2.2.1 Existence Precedes Essence
        2.2.2 Absurdity and Nothingness
        2.2.3 Freedom and Responsibility
    2.3 The Relationship between Existentialism and the Research
        2.3.1 Nothingness in For Whom the Bell Tolls
        2.3.2 Absurdity in For Whom the Bells Tolls
        2.3.3 Freedom and Responsibility in For Whom the Bell Tolls
Chapter Three Existence Preceding Essence
    3.1 The Newly Forged Image of Robert Jordan during the Spanish Civil War
        3.1.1 Jordan’s Dedication to the Cause of Republic
        3.1.2 Jordan’s Selfless Behavior
    3.2 The New Women Images of Pilar and Maria Fostered during the War
        3.2.1 The Positive Choice of Pilar during the War
        3.2.2 The Active Transformation of Maria
    3.3 The Degradation of Pablo
        3.3.1 The Self-oriented Pablo
        3.3.2 The Cowardice of Pablo
Chapter Four Nothingness and Absurdity
    4.1 The absurdity of war
        4.1.1 The Absurdity Existed in the Face of the Hefty Enemy
        4.1.2 The Absurdity Existed in Wantonly Slaughter of the Civilians
    4.2 The absurdity of nature
        4.2.1 Snow: the Absurd Force from Nature
        4.2.2 Snow: the Rebelling Force of Nature
    4.3 The Nothingness and Absurdity Related to the Others
        4.3.1 The Absurd Order of Golz
        4.3.2 The Absurd Deeds of Pablo
Chapter Five Freedom and Responsibility
    5.1 Jordan’s Love for Maria and His Responsibility
        5.1.1 Jordan’s Loyalty to His Love for Maria
        5.1.2 Jordan’s Responsibility in His Love for Maria
    5.2 Jordan’s Free Choice of Fighting for the Just Cause and His Responsibility .
        5.2.1 Jordan’s Voluntary Enlistment in the Army
        5.2.2 Jordan’s Responsibility for the Cause of Republic
    5.3 Pilar and Maria’s Free Choice and Responsibility
        5.3.1 Pilar’s Free Choice and Responsibility
        5.3.2 Maria’s Free Choice and Responsibility
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix



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