大众传播中的“会话含义”研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 00:19

本文选题：大众传播　切入点：会话含义　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大众传播中存在着大量的"会话含义"现象,案例不胜枚举。传播学家施拉姆认为,在大众传播过程中,传播主体通过讯息的传受而相互作用,在传播过程中的双方往往在依次扮演着不同的角色,诸如译码者、解释者和编码者等。那么,大众传播过程表现为符号作品的流通,但本质上是符号作品意义的交换。而会话含义不仅影响着传播主体对符号作品的意义解读,还进一步影响着大众传播中传播效果的呈现。会话含义理论研究的拓展和传播学实践的需要使得对"会话含义"的研究必须打破语用学壁垒,会话含义不仅是语用学的课题,而且是传播学的课题。尚未有人系统研究大众传播中的"会话含义",但这却是传播学研究中不可忽视的问题。首先,本文重新规定了大众传播中"会话含义"的内涵与外延。大众传播中的会话含义不再局限于人际中的言语交流,其形式更为丰富,呈现不同的特点。语用学中的会话含义的定义已不能完全适用于大众传播中的会话含义概念。在大众传播中,传播主体应是会话含义的推导主体,在会话含义推导中,社会场景是重要的因素。会话含义指的是,在特定的社会场景中,传播主体推导出来的符号作品的规约意义之外的意义。其次,本文从真实的大众传播案例出发,论证了大众传播中存在着大量的"会话含义"现象,并对大众传播中"会话含义"的分类和特点进行了论述。基于符号学的分类方法,将会话含义分为基于语言符号的会话含义以及基于非语言符号的会话含义;从对社会场景的依赖性出发,将会话含义分为一般会话含义以及特殊会话含义,不同的会话含义有着不同的特点。会话含义必须在特定的社会场景中才能生成,社会场景是会话含义生成的重要因素。与"社会场景"相类似的概念,如"情景"、"语境"等内涵不定,在具体使用时随意性很大,没有形成科学的共识。本文借助心理学、语用学和传播学的视角,揭示传播过程中"社会场景"本质属性,同时深入论证了"社会场景是传播主体的心理场"这一观点,并分析了社会场景的动态性特征。最后,本文对会话含义的动态性进行了解读。大众传播是一个动态的过程,社会场景具有动态性特征,那么对会话含义的分析必须也是动态的。本文认为,会话含义的动态性体现在:会话含义在大众传播过程中是动态变化的;会话含义和规约含义历时的动态转化,并构建了 "传播主体动态解读会话含义的模式"以及"大众传播作品意义演变模式",为大众传播作品的意义演变、传播效果的呈现作出了理论上的支撑。
[Abstract]:There are a large number of "conversational implicature" phenomena in mass communication, and there are numerous cases. Schram, a communicator, believes that in the process of mass communication, the subject of communication interacts with each other through the transmission of information. In the process of communication, the two sides often play different roles in turn, such as decoder, interpreter and encoder. But in essence, it is the exchange of the meaning of the symbolic works, and the conversational implicature not only affects the interpretation of the meaning of the symbolic works by the main body of communication, The expansion of conversational implicature theory and the need of communication practice make the study of conversational implicature must break down the barrier of pragmatics. Conversational implicature is not only a subject of pragmatics. And it is the subject of communication. No one has systematically studied the "conversational implicature" in mass communication, but this is a problem that can not be ignored in the study of communication. First of all, This paper redefines the connotation and extension of "conversational implicature" in mass communication. The conversational implicature in mass communication is no longer confined to interpersonal verbal communication, and its forms are more abundant. The definition of conversational implicature in pragmatics can no longer be fully applied to the concept of conversational implicature in mass communication. In mass communication, the subject of communication should be the subject of derivation of conversational implicature, and in the derivation of conversational implicature. Social scene is an important factor. Conversational implicature refers to the meaning other than the statutory meaning of the symbolic works derived from the communication subject in a specific social scene. Secondly, this paper starts from the real mass communication case. This paper demonstrates the existence of a large number of "conversational implicature" in mass communication, and discusses the classification and characteristics of "conversational implicature" in mass communication. The conversational implicature is divided into the conversational implicature based on linguistic symbols and the conversational implicature based on non-verbal symbols, and the conversational implicature is divided into general conversational implicature and special conversational implicature from the dependence of social scenes. Different conversational implicature have different characteristics. Conversational implicature must be generated in a specific social scene, which is an important factor in conversational implicature generation. Such as "situation", "context" and so on, which have not formed a scientific consensus. This paper reveals the nature of "social scene" in the process of communication through the perspectives of psychology, pragmatics and communication. At the same time, it demonstrates the view that social scene is the psychological field of communication subject, and analyzes the dynamic characteristics of social scene. Finally, this paper interprets the dynamic nature of conversational implicature. Mass communication is a dynamic process. The analysis of conversational implicature must also be dynamic if the social scene is dynamic. This paper holds that the dynamic nature of conversational implicature is that conversational implicature is dynamic in the process of mass communication; The dynamic transformation of conversational implicature and canonical implicature, and the construction of "the mode of dynamic interpretation of conversational implicature by communicators" and "the evolvement mode of the meaning of mass communication works", which is the meaning evolution of mass communication works. The presentation of communication effect provides theoretical support.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G206

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