《刀锋》中的自然主义倾向

发布时间：2018-01-13 08:45

本文关键词：《刀锋》中的自然主义倾向　出处：《中南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：威廉·萨默赛特·毛姆是英国文学史上著名的剧作家与小说家。作为处于传统与现代转折期的作家,毛姆的作品具有现实主义特点的同时也具有法国自然主义的特点。《刀锋》创作于毛姆晚年,是毛姆最受欢迎的小说之一,也是体现其文学创作上自然主义倾向的代表作。本文试图运用法国自然主义理论对小说《刀锋》进行具体分析,论述被称为现实主义作家的毛姆在小说《刀锋》创作中的自然主义倾向。根据小说内容的主要构成及小说体现出的叙事技巧与特征,本文运用自然主义理论及叙事学理论从人物、主题和叙事技巧三个方面对《刀锋》进行具体分析,发掘出作者分别在以上三个方面上体现出了自然主义的科学化,“回归自然”和非个人化的思想及主张,反映了毛姆作为现实主义作家在《刀锋》创作中的自然主义特色,从而扩展了对毛姆文学创作思想的认识。本文由导论、正文和结论三大部分组成。导论部分简要概述《刀锋》的国内外研究现状,简述文学自然主义的创作理论与毛姆自然主义倾向的原因,提出本论文的研究课题,并阐述运用这一理论解读小说《刀锋》的意义。正文首先以小说人物伊莎贝尔,索菲及艾略特为研究对象,分析毛姆在人物塑造上受自然主义中生理学及社会学对“人”的理解这一科学化原则的影响。接下来本论文以小说的主题为研究对象,分析《刀锋》在“人”与“社会”主题上所流露出自然主义“回归自然”的思想倾向,从而在主题上反映了作者的自然主义特征。另外,本论文还通过分析小说的叙事技巧来研究《刀锋》创作上的自然主义倾向,通过对小说的叙事视角、隐匿的叙事主体及片断联缀型叙事结构这三方面的分析来体现毛姆在叙事技巧上对自然主义“非个人化”主张的接受。本论文最后得出结论：小说《刀锋》是毛姆超越现实主义的一种尝试,《刀锋》中的自然主义倾向揭示了毛姆作为现实主义作家并未局限于现实主义的创作手法,还接受了自然主义的合理成分,从而丰富了对小说《刀锋》的理解以及提高了对毛姆文学创作思想的认识。
[Abstract]:William Somerset Maugham is a famous playwright and novelist in the history of English literature. Maugham's works have the characteristics of realism as well as French naturalism. The Blade was written in the late years of Maugham and is one of Maugham's most popular novels. It is also a representative work of naturalism in his literary creation. This paper attempts to use French naturalism theory to analyze the novel "Blade" in detail. This paper discusses the naturalistic tendency of Maugham, who is called a realistic writer, in the creation of the Blade, according to the main composition of the novel and the narrative skills and characteristics embodied in the novel. This paper uses naturalism theory and narratology theory to analyze "Blade" from three aspects: characters, themes and narrative techniques. In the above three aspects, the author reveals the scientific nature, "return to nature" and the idea of impersonalization. It reflects the naturalistic characteristics of Maugham as a realistic writer in the creation of Blade, thus expanding his understanding of Maugham's literary creation. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction briefly summarizes the domestic and international research situation of "Blade", briefly describes the literary naturalism creative theory and the reason of Maugham naturalism tendency. This paper puts forward the research topic of this thesis, and expounds the significance of using this theory to interpret the novel "Blade". Firstly, the text takes Isabel, Sophie and Eliot as the research objects. This paper analyzes that Maugham is influenced by the scientific principle of understanding "human" in physiology and sociology in naturalism. Next, this thesis focuses on the theme of the novel. This paper analyzes the tendency of naturalism "returning to nature" in the theme of "Man" and "Society", which reflects the author's naturalistic characteristics on the theme. This thesis also analyzes the narrative skills of the novel to study the trend of naturalism in the creation of the Blade, and through the narrative perspective of the novel. The analysis of the hidden narrative subject and the narrative structure of the piecemeal combination reflects Maugham's acceptance of naturalism's "impersonal" proposition in narrative techniques. Finally, this thesis draws a conclusion:. The novel Blade is an attempt by Maugham to transcend realism. The tendency of naturalism in Blade reveals that Maugham, as a realistic writer, is not confined to realistic writing techniques, but also accepts the rational elements of naturalism. It enriches the understanding of the novel Blade and improves the understanding of Maugham's literary creation.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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