卡尔维诺的文学经典观

发布时间：2018-05-01 17:19

本文选题：卡尔维诺 + 文学经典　；参考：《华东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：卡尔维诺(ItaloCalvino,1923-1985)被公认为当代世界上最有影响的意大利小说家,他终身致力于小说创作与理论探索。《为什么读经典》和《新千年文学备忘录》这两部文学评论集,既有卡尔维诺对自己所推崇的经典作家的评论,也有对自身文学创作的总结和对未来千年文学发展的寄语。从中我们可以窥见他对文学美学理想的追求和对文学经典的捍卫。在《为什么读经典》一文里卡尔维诺对“经典”下了十四个定义,分别从读者阅读与影响的角度、从文学批评与经典的关系、经典与时代的相互关系、经典之间的互文性、经典与集体无意识的关系来界定经典。在《新千年文学备忘录》这部讲稿中卡尔维诺以轻逸、迅速、精确、形象、繁复五个维度表述自己所追求的小说美学理想。他推崇的这五种美学理想分别从文学与世界的关系、文学的叙事学、文学语言的精确性、文学的想象力和形象性等文学最基本的问题,从文学本体论的角度来思考文学之所以构成文学的内部要素。在看似无心为之间,卡尔维诺分别从构成文学经典的外部要素和对文学内在美学理想的坚守中,建构了自己的文学经典观。卡尔维诺的文学经典观超越了一般经典论争中的本质主义和建构主义的两派对垒的理论困境。他以通融的姿态、诗性的叙述,和对文学乐观坚守的态度,探求文学的出路,为文学未来的发展展示了充分的可能性。在多元文化时代,关于文学经典的论争我们很难得到文学经典的定论,也无法再回到文学经典备受瞩目的时代,而只是恢复一种对文学经典的信心,不管文学在未来一千年还是一万年。相信有人类存在的地方,就有文学的天地。正如卡尔维诺所言：“我对于文学的前途是有信心的,因为我知道世界上存在着只有文学才能以其特殊的手段给予我们的感受”。
[Abstract]:Calvino Italo Calvino 1923-1985) is recognized as the most influential Italian novelist in the contemporary world. He devoted his whole life to novel creation and theoretical exploration. There are not only his comments on the classical writers, but also the summary of his literary creation and the future millennium literary development. From this, we can see his pursuit of literary aesthetic ideal and his defense of literary classics. In why to read the Classics, Wencarvino gives fourteen definitions of "Classics", from the perspective of readers' reading and influence, the relationship between literary criticism and classics, the relationship between classics and times, and the intertextuality between classics. The relationship between the classic and the collective unconscious defines the classic. In the "New Millennium Literary Memorandum", Calvino expresses his aesthetic ideal in five dimensions: light, quick, accurate, vivid and complicated. The five aesthetic ideals he advocated were based on the most basic problems of literature, such as the relationship between literature and the world, the narratology of literature, the accuracy of literary language, the imagination and visualization of literature, etc. From the perspective of literary ontology, the internal elements of literature are considered. Between seemingly unintentional, Calvino constructed his own view of literary classics from the external elements of literary classics and his adherence to the internal aesthetic ideals of literature. Calvino's view of literary classics transcends the theoretical dilemma between essentialism and constructivism in general classical debates. With his accommodative attitude, poetic narration, and optimistic attitude toward literature, he explores the way out of literature and shows the full possibility for the future development of literature. In the age of multiculturalism, it is very difficult for us to get the conclusion of literary classics, nor can we return to the era when literary classics are attracting much attention. Instead, we can only restore a kind of confidence in literary classics. Whether literature is in the next thousand years or ten thousand years. Believe that there is a place where human beings exist, there is a world of literature. As Calvino put it: "I have faith in the future of literature, for I know that there is a feeling in the world that only literature can give us by its special means."
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I546.06

【参考文献】