《八月之光》中人物的“他者性”分析

发布时间：2018-05-11 08:47

本文选题：威廉·福克纳 + 《八月之光》　；参考：《湖南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：曾获诺贝尔文学奖的威廉·福克纳是美国南方文艺复兴的主要作家之一，1932年发表的《八月之光》因其独特的主题一直备受关注。对《八月之光》的研究大多涉及其主题和叙事方式，很少有人从后殖民主义理论来分析。本文借助于爱德华·萨义德《东方学》中的“他者”理论，从这部作品中三个主人公在社会中所遭受的身份缺失和生活经历来集中探讨他们的“他者性”。第一，作为一个身份不确定的黑白混血儿，乔·克瑞斯莫斯的“他者性”主要表现在他与女人们之间不正常的关系以及他远离社会生活。社会无情的压迫和残酷的秩序使得他无法确立自己的身份，变成了社会上最大的“他者”，最终死在了种族主义分子的枪下。第二，作为北方废奴主义者的后代，乔安娜·伯顿的家族使命使她沉迷于过去，与社会无法建立正常关系，而生活在社会的边缘地带，成为被社会遗忘的“他者”。再次，作为南方后裔的盖尔·海托华，沉迷于家族过往，活在对祖父光荣事迹的回忆中，无法在现实中找到一个合适的位置，而且他的行为与社会前进的方向相悖，于是他只能成为被社会遗弃的“他者”。第三，从社会和心理两个方面入手，本文探讨了他们为何无法找到适合自己位置的根本原因。极端的清教思想中的“命定论”和“原罪说”被种族主义分子利用，并与种族主义结合组成了一张巨大的无形的网。这张网套住他们，无论怎么挣扎，他们都无法摆脱其束缚。最后，通过对小说主人公们“他者性”的阐述和分析，本文指出了福克纳在小说中表现出来的对种族主义和清教主义对心灵压迫的谴责，并指出种族主义是毫无客观依据的主观设想。同时该小说表现出了福克纳对人类的爱和永恒所抱有的希望。
[Abstract]:William Faulkner, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature, is one of the main writers of the American Southern Renaissance. The Light of August, published in 1932, has attracted much attention for its unique theme. The study of Light in August mostly deals with its theme and narrative style, and few people analyze it from the theory of post-colonialism. With the help of the theory of "the other" in Edward said's Orientalism, this paper focuses on the "otherness" of the three protagonists in this work from their lack of identity and life experience in society. First, as an uncertain black and white half-breed, Joe Cretemos'"otherness" is mainly manifested in his abnormal relationship with women and his remoteness from social life. Society's ruthless oppression and cruel order made him unable to establish his identity and became the biggest "other" in society, and eventually died under the gun of the racists. Second, as a descendant of Northern abolitionists, Joana Burton's family mission led her to indulge in the past, unable to establish a normal relationship with society, and to live on the fringes of society and become the "other" forgotten by society. Again, as a Southern descendant, Gael Haithohua, indulging in the family past, living in the memory of his grandfather's glorious deeds, could not find a proper place in reality, and his behavior was contrary to the direction in which society moved forward. As a result, he can only become the "other" abandoned by society. Third, from the social and psychological aspects, this paper discusses why they can not find their own position. The extreme puritanism of "destiny" and "doctrine of original sin" were exploited by racist elements and combined with racism to form a huge invisible network. The net caught them, and no matter how they struggled, they could not free themselves from their bondage. Finally, this paper points out Faulkner's condemnation of racism and Puritanism to the oppression of the soul through the analysis of the "otherness" of the protagonists in the novel. It also points out that racism is a subjective assumption with no objective basis. At the same time, the novel shows Faulkner's love for mankind and eternal hope.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】