《热河日记》研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 13:46

本文选题：《热河日记》 + 燕行录　；参考：《中央民族大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：中国和朝鲜半岛世代的友好交流留下了丰富的“燕行录”文学,朝鲜实学思想家朴趾源创作的《热河日记》可谓其中的压卷之作。1780年,朴趾源随堂兄朴明源率领的朝鲜赴清贺乾隆皇帝七十寿诞的使节团来到中国,回国后依见闻创作了日记体纪行文——《热河日记》。这部著作被称为“实学全书”,朴趾源用实学思想家的眼光对清朝的政治、经济、制度、文化、民俗等进行了观察描写,其中不乏对中国文物制度、历史典籍的精辟见解；《热河日记》犹如一副徐徐展开的画图,把十八世纪的盛清社会风貌展现出来,并以高屋建瓴的批判意识对朝鲜的现实进行了深刻反思,提出了切合朝鲜社会实际的具体改革措施。本论文运用实证的方法,爬梳资料,钩沉考订,考论并重,在政治、文化和散文发展史的广阔背景下考察《热河日记》的创作,从时代背景和社会环境出发,阐释了朴趾源在朝鲜李朝中后期的思想动态及《热河日记》出现的深层内因,对《热河日记》的思想价值、文献学价值及创作艺术等进行了较为全面、综合的研究。朴趾源所生活的时代是朝鲜封建社会开始出现瓦解征兆的过渡性转折期：农业生产逐渐恢复,商品经济日渐发展,社会生产关系悄然转型；社会问题严重,农民起义频发；通过中国传来的“西学”——自然科学思想和明清实学的传播促使了民族意识的觉醒。在这样的时代背景下,实学思想产生并发展,文学艺术的“去理学化”倾向也愈发明显,各种崭新的思想因素在十八世纪的李朝悄然萌发。朴趾源敏感地把握了当时的深层现实矛盾和社会发展的新动向,并通过《热河日记》的创作表达其改革思想。《热河日记》的体例将编年和记事综合起来,对燕行旅程以日记形式按编年体记述,对不容易以日记形式记述的重要内容,则采用专题的形式独立记述,整部作品结构合理,脉络明晰,重点突出。《热河日记》中记体散文大致可分为四类：台阁名胜记、山水游记、书画器物记和人事杂记；此外还有论说文、小说和笔记文。《热河日记》中出现了大量的中国文献,朴趾源对中国文献的关注和甄选突出了其反理学立场,凭借深厚的汉学修养和对中国当时学术成就的全面了解,朴趾源在《热河日记》中辨伪勘误、驰辨逞才,并有意识地关注了与朝鲜有关的文献,彰显其民族情怀。对中国人文地理、清朝的文物制度的考察激发了朴趾源的改革思想。《热河日记》描摹出从鸭绿江到北京这一旅途中的名山大川、田野河流,中国辽阔、丰富的地貌带给朴趾源崭新的地理感受,饱览群书、博古通今的朴趾源对行程中的名胜、遗址进行考据钩沉,展现其爱国情怀及学术修养；《热河日记》全面展示了清朝的先进文物制度,包括清代的政治统治术、经济社会和文化生活的各个方面。在考察清朝、反思朝鲜社会的“华夷观”及现实状况的基础上,朴趾源提出了“利用厚生”的具体改革措施,包括限民名田,耕耘树艺,鼓励工商、贸易富国,振兴实业等,以实现朝鲜的国富民强。《热河日记》中的杂录部分具有高超的思想艺术成就。杂录的论述内容在理势与语势映衬下表达出朴趾源的政治使命感；见闻录记述了旅途中所经历的古北口遗址、白河、避暑山庄的景观及使行团的活动,在景物描写中传达出审美主体的心理感受；笔记文具有耳闻目睹的现实性,内容丰富,形式自由,不拘一格,颇具史料价值及文化价值。《热河日记》中的杂录即事名篇,杂而不散,内容丰富,文风多样,语言明洁晓畅,文学意味浓厚。《热河日记》的创作艺术达到了朝鲜游记文学的巅峰。《热河日记》塑造了鲜活的中国形象,包括从王侯贵族到一般文士的人物群相、十八世纪清朝的全景图式的鲜活社会场景；进行了丰富而生动的艺术形象塑造,包括文学典型和文学意境两类。《热河日记》朴实而尖锐的论辩艺术主要体现在两方面：烛察时弊,放言无忌的政论和广征博引、曲折尽情的论述风格；讽刺艺术尖锐而深刻,揭露批判了两班阶层虚伪的封建道德和礼教；语言朴实,深于取象,将多变的句式、生动的比喻、连环错综的排比和灵活精当的典故巧妙结合,形成了雅洁晓畅、追朴求真的语言风格。《热河日记》是“燕行录”文学的集大成之作,堪称朝鲜游记文学史的里程碑；其深刻的思想性和批判性震撼了李氏王朝的统治阶层,引发了著名的“文体风波”；后人对朴趾源著作的结集、出版和纪念活动持续不断。《热河日记》承载着朴趾源对十八世纪后期中、朝两国的冷静审视,以灵活多样的艺术手段描绘了特定历史时期的社会状况,以开阔的视野、深刻的内容、灵活的形式、深远的影响展现出一位朝鲜改革家的思想高度和民族情怀,是游记文学及域外汉文学创作的杰出代表。
[Abstract]:The friendly exchange between China and the Korean Peninsula has left a rich "swallow record" literature. The "hot river diary", which was created by Pu Zhiyuan, a Korean real thinker, is a masterpiece of.1780. This book is called "the diaries of the hot river". This book is called "the whole book of real learning". He has observed the political, economic, institutional, cultural and folk customs of the Qing Dynasty with the eyes of the real thinkers, including the brilliant views on the Chinese cultural relics and historical books. To show the social features of the eighteenth Century Sheng Qing society, and to make a profound reflection on the reality of Korea with the critical consciousness of a strategically advantageous position, and put forward the concrete reform measures to meet the reality of the Korean society. From the background of the times and the social environment, from the background of the times and the social environment, the author explains the ideological trend of the late Li Zhaozhong and the deep inner cause of the diary of the "hot river", and makes a comprehensive and comprehensive study of the ideological value, the literature value and the artistic creation of the diary of the hot river.
The time in which Pu was living was a transitional period in which the Korean feudal society began to disintegrate: the agricultural production was gradually restored, the commodity economy was developing, the social production relationship was quietly transforming, the social problems were serious, the peasant uprisings were frequent, and the "Western learning" passed through China, the natural science thought and the biography of Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the background of such a time, the tendency of the "go to science" is becoming more and more obvious in the background of this era, and the new ideological factors have sprouted in the Li Dynasty in the eighteenth Century. The creation of the diary of the "hot river" expresses his thought of reform.
The style of the diary of the "hot river" will be integrated with chronicle and Chronicle. It is described in the form of diary in the form of diary in the form of diaries. The important content which is not easy to be described in the form of diaries is described independently in the form of special topics. The whole work is reasonable in structure, clear and focused. The prose prose of "hot river diary >" can be divided into four categories: Tai Ge The record of the scenic spots, the travels of the mountains and rivers, the records of the calligraphy and the records of the articles and the miscellaneous personnel of the personnel; in addition to the discourse, the novels and the notes. There are a lot of Chinese literature in the diary of the hot river. The attention and selection of the yuan yuan to the Chinese literature has highlighted its anti science position, with a deep understanding of Chinese culture and the comprehensive understanding of the academic achievements of the time in China, Pu Zhiyuan In the diary of "hot river", we can distinguish between errata and errata, and consciously focus on documents related to North Korea, highlighting its national feelings.
The study of Chinese cultural geography and the cultural relics system of the Qing Dynasty inspired the reform thought of the Yuan Dynasty. "Hot river diary >" depicts the famous mountains and great rivers from the Yalu River to Beijing, the field rivers, the vast land, the rich landforms to bring the brand new geographical feelings, the book full of books, the ancient and modern places of park to the tourist attractions, The site carries out the textual criticism and unfolds his patriotic feelings and academic accomplishment. "Hot river diary" has fully demonstrated the advanced cultural relics system of the Qing Dynasty, including the political rule of the Qing Dynasty, the economic society and all aspects of cultural life. On the basis of examining the Qing Dynasty and reflecting on the "view of the Chinese and the Yi" and the reality of the Korean society, the yuan put forward the "profit". The specific reform measures of "Sheng Sheng" include limiting the people's famous fields, cultivating trees and arts, encouraging commerce and industry, trading rich countries and revitalizing industries, so as to realize the strong and prosperous state of the DPRK.
The miscellaneous records in the diary of the "hot river" have superb artistic and artistic achievements. The content of the description of the miscellaneous records expresses the political sense of mission of Pu Yuan under the situation of reason and language, and records the landscape of the ancient North mouth, the White River, the Mountain Resort and the activities of the tour group, which conveys the aesthetic subject in the description of the scenery. The note stationery has the reality, the content rich, the form free, the informal, the historical material value and the cultural value.
The writing art of "hot river diary" has reached the peak of Korean travel literature. "Hot river diary >" portrays vivid Chinese images, including the vivid social scenes of the panoramic images of the Qing Dynasty in eighteenth Century, including the figures from the princes and nobles to the general literati, and the vivid and vivid images of art, including literary and literary artistic conception. The two category. < hot river diaries > simple and sharp argumentative art is mainly reflected in two aspects: candling the abuse of the time, saying the political theory and the extensive introduction, the zigzag discourse style; the satirical art is sharp and profound, exposing and criticizing the hypocritical feudal ethics and the courtesy of the two classes; the words are simple, deep in the image, the changeable sentence pattern, vivid The metaphor, the combination of the interlocking parallelism and the flexible and precise allusion, forms the language style of elegance and simplicity.
"Hot river diary" is a masterpiece of "Yan's record" literature, which is a milestone in the history of Korean travel literature; its profound ideological and critical shock has shocked the ruling class of Li's Dynasty and triggered the famous "style of style"; the later generations of the books of the park, publishing and commemorative activities continue. With a calm examination of the two countries in the late eighteenth Century, he depicted the social conditions of a specific historical period in a flexible and diverse art means in the late eighteenth Century, with a wide range of vision, profound content, flexible form and profound influence to show the ideological level and national feelings of a Korean reformer, which is a travel literature and the creation of Chinese literature. An outstanding representative.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I312.076

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