《宠儿》中文化创伤的建构

发布时间：2018-05-27 14:06

本文选题：托尼·莫里森 + 宠儿　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：托尼·莫里森是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女作家。莫里森的独特身份使她成为有着高度民族责任感的作家。作为莫里森最震撼人心，最成熟的代表作，《宠儿》现已成为当代文学史上不朽的经典。莫里森具有高度民族责任感，在《宠儿》中，她用象征性的手法表达了她的民族意识、历史意识、文化意识。这为用文化创伤角度解析《宠儿》提供了依据。文化创伤理论由杰弗里·C.亚历山大等学者提出。本文主要运用文化创伤理论中文化创伤建构的四个关键问题来解读莫里森在《宠儿》中如何将奴隶制建构为黑人的文化创伤。全文共分为五章。第一章包含三部分。首先简要介绍作家、作品。其次对《宠儿》有关文章进行文献综述，通过总结、对比分析国内外批评家、学者的观点，提出文化创伤角度解析《宠儿》的可行性。最后关于文化创伤建构的研究意义。第二章介绍文化创伤的理论基础，并指出文化创伤建构的四个关键问题，即痛苦的性质是什么、受害者的性质是什么、创伤受害者与广大受众之间有什么关系以及责任归属问题。第三章第四章基于以上四个问题，分析莫里森给出了哪些动人的答案并成功把奴隶制建构为所有黑人的文化创伤。黑人虽然从法律上取得了自由，但是，种族主义仍然盛行。被解放的黑人们除了过着衣不蔽体，食不果腹的日子，还要忍受白人们的各种嘲笑与蔑视。奴隶制及其余韵对黑人心里造成的颠覆性的影响和伤害已经超过了苦难本身，即便是在当今社会，压在黑人心里深处的阴霾依然没有消弭，压在心里的块垒也很难消解。借由建构文化创伤，，使广大受众深信他们也因奴隶制而蒙受创伤，从而使集体成员辨认出创伤的缘由，分担他人的苦难，并因此担负起道德及社会责任。要重建黑人文化，美国黑人民族必须正视自己的民族的历史，放弃内化的白人标准，从自我异化的深远中走出来。第五章结语部分，对全文内容进行概括总结。
[Abstract]:Tony Morrison was the first black woman writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. Morrison's unique identity makes her a writer with a high sense of national responsibility. As Morrison's most impressive and mature masterpiece, beloved has become an immortal classic in the history of contemporary literature. Morrison has a high sense of national responsibility. In beloved, she symbolically expresses her national consciousness, historical consciousness and cultural consciousness. This provides a basis for the analysis of beloved from the perspective of cultural trauma. The theory of cultural trauma was developed by Jeffrey C. Alexander and other scholars put forward. This paper mainly uses the four key problems in the construction of cultural trauma in the theory of cultural trauma to explain how Morrison constructs slavery as a black cultural wound in beloved. The full text is divided into five chapters. Chapter one consists of three parts. First of all, a brief introduction to writers, works. Secondly, this paper summarizes the relevant articles of beloved, compares and analyzes the views of critics and scholars at home and abroad, and puts forward the feasibility of analyzing beloved from the perspective of cultural trauma. Finally, the significance of the research on the construction of cultural trauma. The second chapter introduces the theoretical basis of cultural trauma, and points out the four key problems in the construction of cultural trauma, namely, what is the nature of suffering, what is the nature of victims, What is the relationship between trauma victims and a wide audience and the attribution of responsibility? Based on the above four questions, the third chapter analyzes what touching answers Morrison gives and successfully constructs slavery as the cultural trauma of all black people. Despite the freedom of the law, racism still prevails. The liberated blacks, in addition to being clothed and fed, endured all sorts of ridicule and contempt from whites. The subversive influence and harm caused by slavery and its aftertaste to the black heart have exceeded the suffering itself. Even in today's society, the haze in the black heart has not been eliminated, and the block in the black heart is difficult to remove. By constructing cultural trauma, a broad audience is convinced that they are also traumatized by slavery, thereby enabling collective members to identify the causes of the trauma, share the suffering of others, and thus assume moral and social responsibility. In order to rebuild the black culture, the American black nation must face up to the history of its own nation, abandon the white standard of internalization, and come out from the profound self-alienation. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, which summarizes the content of the full text.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.06

【参考文献】