论马拉默德短篇小说中的精神禁锢主题

发布时间：2018-06-12 02:33

本文选题：伯纳德·马拉默德 + 短篇小说　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：二战后美国涌现出大批杰出的犹太裔作家,伯纳德·马拉默德便是中最伟大的一位。在其半个多世纪的创作生涯中,他共创作了8部长篇小说,6部短篇小说集。以善写流散异乡的世俗犹太小人物的生存困境,精神迷茫,以及最终的自我超越见长,作品中散发出浓郁人文情怀。本文第一章为绪论,包括作家生平介绍,国内外研究综述,以及本文的研究主题。第二章分析了马拉默德自身独特的犹太性的形成,及其在马拉默德的作品,尤其是短篇小说中的人物形象中的反映。关于马拉默德作品的犹太性问题,国外争议较大,意见不一,而国内对此则几乎保持一致肯定。这一反差值得深思。笔者认为,马拉默德作品中的犹太人物的犹太性并非静如止水,而是保持不断蜕变状态。第三章以文本细读方式解读马拉默德的经典短篇小说《监狱》,《春雨》,《信》,《我的儿子是凶手》,《最后一个马希坎人》,从失语的自我禁锢、失败的父子关系、禁锢的犹太性暗喻三个角度来分析“精神禁锢”这一主题,并阐述马拉默德是如何书写大流散中,处于文化边缘的犹太“精神孤儿”的无奈彷徨,身份困惑。第四章指出,“精神禁锢”是作品人物在追寻自我身份,追求自由过程中的必然阶段。只有意识到在禁锢过程中所遭受的苦难的真正含义,这些边缘人才能从自我藩篱中解脱出来,实现自我超越。而超越自我有两个基本途径,即接受苦难与爱的考验。马拉默德的独特人生经历与文学理念造就了他独特的作品形象。这些人物的犹太性不断减弱,最终成为普通人的象征。他们所经历的“精神禁锢”是二战后的美国社会环境与文化潮流的共同结果,当然也是作者的文学理念的体现。对于马拉默德来说,只有突破个人局限,超越苦难,才能重获新生与自由。
[Abstract]:Bernard Malamud was one of the greatest Jewish writers in America after World War II. In his half-century writing career, he wrote 8 novels and 6 short stories. In this paper, the existence predicament, spiritual confusion, and the ultimate self-transcendence of the secular Jewish little figures who are scattered from different lands are well written. The first chapter of this paper is the introduction, including the introduction of the writer's life, the summary of domestic and foreign studies, and the strong humanistic feelings in his works. And the theme of this paper. The second chapter analyzes Malamud's own unique Jewish formation and its reflection in Malamud's works, especially in the characters in short stories. On the Jewish issue of Malamud's works, there is much controversy and disagreement in foreign countries, which is almost unanimous in China. This contrast is worth pondering. The author thinks that the Jewry in Malamud's works is not quiet, but kept in a state of constant change. The third chapter interprets Malamud's classic short story "Prison", "Spring Rain", "letter", "my son is the murderer", "the Last Mahikane", from the aphasic self-imprisonment, the failed father-son relationship. This paper analyzes the theme of "spiritual imprisonment" from three angles of Jewish metonymy of imprisonment, and expounds how Malamud writes about the helplessness and confusion of the Jewish "spiritual orphan" on the margin of culture. Chapter four points out that "spiritual imprisonment" is an inevitable stage in the pursuit of self-identity and freedom. Only by realizing the true meaning of suffering in the process of imprisonment can these marginal people be freed from their own barriers and achieve self-transcendence. There are two basic ways to transcend self, that is, to accept the test of suffering and love. Malamud's unique life experience and literary idea have created his unique image of his works. The Jewish character of these characters is weakening and eventually becomes a symbol of ordinary people. The spiritual imprisonment they experienced is the common result of the American social environment and cultural trend after World War II, and of course it is the embodiment of the author's literary ideas. For Malamud, it is only by breaking through personal limitations and beyond suffering that he can regain his new life and freedom.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】