河野多惠子的文学特色—女性主义视角的考察

发布时间：2018-06-20 22:28

本文选题：河野多惠子 + 文学特色　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：河野多惠了(1926～)的文学创作始于战后,1961年凭借一部《搜捕幼童》登上文坛。这篇成名作和仓桥由美子的《党派》并称为日本女性文学真正开始步入“战后”阶段的经典之作。和当时还是学生的由美子不同,多惠子被文坛认可的时候已经年过三十,略显大器晚成,但之后她不仅创作了许多优秀的小说,随笔和文学评论方面也不遑多让,直至近年依然笔耕不辍,是日本当代最具代表性的女性作家之一多惠子成长于昭和初期那个动荡的年代,她的人生经历并不平凡。少年时被动员至工厂劳作,乃至遭遇空袭的灰暗记忆,战后边与病魔作斗争边默默无闻地坚持创作的漫长岁月,都渗透在她的字里行间。然而,虽则压抑和异变俨然是多惠子文学的主题,但她一直坚信着包含不幸在内的人生之趣。多惠子那犹如记录茶前饭后事的质朴笔触,却在暗处隐隐流淌着一股被压抑的暴力的狂气,仿佛暴雨前的宁静一般带给我们灵魂的颤栗。现实和幻想的完美结合,精神和肉体的奇妙交汇,这种多惠子特有的表现手法在作品中被反复演绎,沉淀了她谜一样的文学世界。尤其是她作品中多有嗜虐的性倒错描写,被誉为谷崎润一郎的传人。多惠子笔下的女主人公,总是因为染上了肺结核之类的疾病而无法生育,和丈夫或是男友的关系也大多很淡薄,她们既非母爱型,亦非宜家型。压抑之下,她们愈发沉浸在激烈狂暴的幻想世界之中。作品里主人公的疯狂在给读者以震撼的同时,也让我们无法不为作家那探求女性生存之道的严谨态度而感叹不已。多惠子文学起步时,第二次女性主义思潮还处在萌芽阶段。和自20世纪80年代开始步入文坛的女性作家不同,如果说多惠子是在女性主义批评的影响下开始创作的,不免有些牵强。但是,无可否认多惠子的文学始终关注女性问题,给读者提供了新的女性主义视角。她那奇幻的文风,对脱离了母性和娟妇性的女性性的关注,对之后的女性文学影响颇大。本论文将选取作家初期的代表作,运用女性主义批评的方法,在对作家、作品展开分析的基础上,梳理多惠子文学的特色,并试图解密作品中异类且狂气满溢的幻想世界背后的真相。本文由“前言”、“正文”、“结语”三部分构成。在前言部分,概括作家的生平,总结其文学诞生的背景,尝试对其创作进行分期。此外,整理先行研究,并提出论文的研究课题及研究方法。正文共有四个部分。第一部分,围绕《骨肉》、《汤饿鬼》两部作品,考察小说中,家庭的存在状态和女主人公的“出走”。通过具体分析,揭露压迫女性的元凶乃是依旧根深蒂固的男权至上的观念,明晰女性生存空间的狭隘,以及她们在反抗和屈从之间挣扎的苦恼。第二部分,通过队《围墙之中》、《战斗》、《搜捕幼童》三部作品的考察,探讨女性亚文化群体身处被压抑的文化之中是如何主张女性的主体性,以及试图颠覆同男性的力量关系的。同时,指出这一主体和他者的逆转和女主人公对强权体制的反抗,以及对女性快乐的追求是密不可分的。第三部分,将多惠子文学中的杀男描写,分为杀夫幻想和去势模拟书写两类,分别探求其中体现的对父权的反抗精神。第四部分则解读多惠子文学中的“生育的性”,深入挖掘杀子幻想的深层含义,进一步揭露女主人公们内心追求自我和依存于父权的矛盾。结语部分,总括全文内容,概括多惠子文学的特的,并提出今后的研究课题。
[Abstract]:After the war , the literary creation of many Hui people ( 1926 - ) began in the postwar era . The famous works and the barn bridge were made up of the classical works in the post - war stage . The famous works and the storehouse bridge were called Japanese women ' s literature to enter the post - war stage .

Most of the children ' s life experienced and was not ordinary in the turbulent years of the early period of Zhaoming and early years . When teenagers were mobilized to work in factories , and even in the dark memories of air strikes , the struggle between the post - war side and the evil spirit persisted in her words . However , though depression and variation seemed to be the subject of the multi - Huizi literature , she had always believed in the interest of life , including misfortune .

It ' s like a simple touch of tea before meals , but in the dark it lurks with a suppressed violence , as if the silence in front of the storm often brought us the trembling of our soul . It was the perfect combination of reality and fantasy . The relationship between her husband or boyfriend was mostly thin , and they became increasingly immersed in a violent fantasy world . The hero ' s craziness in the works was a shock to the reader , and it made it impossible for the author to feel the exact attitude of the woman ' s life .

The second feminism is still in the bud stage in the beginning of the multi - Huizi literature . Unlike the female writers who entered the literary world since the 1980s , it is not certain that the multi - Huizhou literature always pays attention to the women ' s problems and gives readers a new feminist perspective . The thesis will select the writer ' s early representative works , and use the method of feminist criticism . On the basis of the analysis of the author and the works , the author attempts to decrypt the features of the polyhuzi literature and try to decrypt the strange and the wild fantasy world behind the works .

This thesis consists of three parts : Foreword , Body and Conclusion .

In the preface , the author summarizes the writer ' s life , summarizes the background of his literary creation and tries to stage his creation .

In the second part , the author points out how to advocate the female subjectivity and to try to overthrow the male ' s power relationship . At the same time , the author points out that the reversal of the female ' s living space and the struggle between the female hero and the female hero are inseparable . At the same time , the author points out that the reversal of the female subculture and the female hero ' s resistance to the patriarchal system and the pursuit of female happiness are inseparable .

The concluding part , including the contents of the whole , summarizes the special characteristics of the multi - Huizi literature , and puts forward the future research topics .
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I313.06

【参考文献】