论古希腊悲剧中“荒诞”因素的发现与超越
发布时间：2018-07-23 19:14
【摘要】：荒诞，，是人类的一种精神体验，是二十世纪西方美学的一个重要范畴。人们对荒诞的认识、体验和表达可以追溯到西方文化源头的精髓之一古希腊悲剧。荒诞因素能与悲剧结合有其特殊的原因，人对悲剧性的存在都是切实的，人类必须认识生存的世界，只有这样才能更好地把握它的规律，当人所认识的世界和世界本身出现偏差时，荒诞因素便产生了。关于悲剧，我们可以从两个角度进行分析，一是戏剧的角度；二是人生的角度。荒诞的出现没有动摇悲剧的地位，而且激发悲剧产生超越它的信念。古希腊悲剧中的荒诞因素是具有原初意义的，是初民对世界的一种原始体验。当时，人们已经意识到在现实世界和生活中存在着各种不可理喻的、不符合逻辑的、令人迷惑不解的荒诞现象，并且人们也无法解释，从而感到迷惑和无所适从。本文就是要探讨古希腊悲剧是怎样表现荒诞因素的以及它是怎样超越荒诞的，在美学上有何意义。 为此，本文首先对荒诞进行释义，包括讨论它的本义以及美学含义，同时对古希腊悲剧中的荒诞因素与现代意义的荒诞的关系也进行了阐述，接下来重点论述了出现在古希腊悲剧中的荒诞的含义。随后，本文继续探讨荒诞在具体的古希腊戏剧中的表现，其中涉及古希腊三大悲剧家的大部分作品。通过对人与神、人与社会和人与人之间互不和谐的矛盾关系进行讨论，证明荒诞因素的确出现在了古希腊悲剧中，而且有其存在的原因和必然性。 接下来，本文讨论了古希腊悲剧对荒诞因素的反抗和超越。主要从古希腊人对自己的认知和把握，道德的自律和理性的劝说以及悲剧精神与荒诞精神的统一四个方面进行详细论证。证明在荒诞的人生中走向虚无不是悲剧中荒诞因素的终极追求，它的最终意旨是对现实的超越，努力探寻生存的意义和实现自我的人生价值。本文最后一部分从审美角度阐述古希腊悲剧与荒诞的关系，悲剧融合了荒诞，同时也丰富了自己的内涵。 本文的目的在于力证荒诞因素在古希腊悲剧中存在的可能以及其具体的表现和悲剧对它的超越。综上所述，荒诞的产生自古有之，不同于二十世纪已确立自己地位的荒诞哲学范畴，古希腊悲剧中的荒诞有其自身的存在意义，是古希腊人的全新体验。从审美的角度来看，荒诞不仅没有影响悲剧的崇高性和审美性，而且深化了悲剧的审美韵味。
[Abstract]:Absurdity is a spiritual experience of human beings and an important category of western aesthetics in the 20 th century. People's understanding, experience and expression of absurdity can be traced back to the ancient Greek tragedy, one of the quintessence of western culture. There are special reasons why absurdity can be combined with tragedy. Human beings are practical to the existence of tragedy. Human beings must understand the existence of the world, and only in this way can they better grasp its laws. When man knows the world and the world itself deviates, absurd factors arise. We can analyze tragedy from two angles, one is drama and the other is life. The appearance of absurdity does not shake the status of tragedy, and inspires the tragedy to produce the belief beyond it. The absurd factor in the Greek tragedy is of primary significance and a primitive experience of the world. At that time, people had realized that there were all kinds of unreasonable, illogical and puzzling absurd phenomena in the real world and in life, and that people could not explain them, thus bewildering and disorienting themselves. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the Greek tragedy represented the absurd factors and how it transcended the absurdity and its aesthetic significance. For this reason, this paper firstly interprets absurdity, including discussing its original meaning and aesthetic meaning, and at the same time expounding the relationship between the absurd factor in ancient Greek tragedy and the absurdity of modern meaning. The next part focuses on the meaning of absurdity in the Greek tragedy. Then, this paper continues to explore the performance of absurdity in the specific Greek drama, involving most of the works of the three great tragedies of ancient Greece. Through the discussion of the contradictory relations between man and God, between man and society and between man and man, it is proved that the absurd factor did appear in the tragedy of ancient Greece and has its reason and inevitability. Next, this paper discusses the revolt and transcendence of the Greek tragedy to the absurd factor. Mainly from the ancient Greek cognition and grasp of their own moral self-discipline and rational persuasion and the unity of tragic spirit and absurd spirit of four aspects of detailed demonstration. It is proved that it is not the ultimate pursuit of absurdity in tragedy to go to nihilism in the absurd life, but the ultimate intention is to transcend reality, to seek the meaning of existence and to realize the value of self in life. The last part of this paper expounds the relationship between Greek tragedy and absurdity from the aesthetic point of view. Tragedy merges absurdity and enriches its connotation. The purpose of this paper is to prove the possibility of absurdity in the tragedy of ancient Greece, its concrete expression and the transcendence of tragedy to it. To sum up, the emergence of absurdity has existed since ancient times, which is different from the category of absurd philosophy which has established its own status in the 20th century. The absurdity in the tragedy of ancient Greece has its own existence meaning, and it is a new experience of ancient Greeks. From the aesthetic point of view, absurdity not only does not affect the loftiness and aesthetics of tragedy, but also deepens the aesthetic charm of tragedy.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I106.3
本文编号：2140385
[Abstract]:Absurdity is a spiritual experience of human beings and an important category of western aesthetics in the 20 th century. People's understanding, experience and expression of absurdity can be traced back to the ancient Greek tragedy, one of the quintessence of western culture. There are special reasons why absurdity can be combined with tragedy. Human beings are practical to the existence of tragedy. Human beings must understand the existence of the world, and only in this way can they better grasp its laws. When man knows the world and the world itself deviates, absurd factors arise. We can analyze tragedy from two angles, one is drama and the other is life. The appearance of absurdity does not shake the status of tragedy, and inspires the tragedy to produce the belief beyond it. The absurd factor in the Greek tragedy is of primary significance and a primitive experience of the world. At that time, people had realized that there were all kinds of unreasonable, illogical and puzzling absurd phenomena in the real world and in life, and that people could not explain them, thus bewildering and disorienting themselves. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the Greek tragedy represented the absurd factors and how it transcended the absurdity and its aesthetic significance. For this reason, this paper firstly interprets absurdity, including discussing its original meaning and aesthetic meaning, and at the same time expounding the relationship between the absurd factor in ancient Greek tragedy and the absurdity of modern meaning. The next part focuses on the meaning of absurdity in the Greek tragedy. Then, this paper continues to explore the performance of absurdity in the specific Greek drama, involving most of the works of the three great tragedies of ancient Greece. Through the discussion of the contradictory relations between man and God, between man and society and between man and man, it is proved that the absurd factor did appear in the tragedy of ancient Greece and has its reason and inevitability. Next, this paper discusses the revolt and transcendence of the Greek tragedy to the absurd factor. Mainly from the ancient Greek cognition and grasp of their own moral self-discipline and rational persuasion and the unity of tragic spirit and absurd spirit of four aspects of detailed demonstration. It is proved that it is not the ultimate pursuit of absurdity in tragedy to go to nihilism in the absurd life, but the ultimate intention is to transcend reality, to seek the meaning of existence and to realize the value of self in life. The last part of this paper expounds the relationship between Greek tragedy and absurdity from the aesthetic point of view. Tragedy merges absurdity and enriches its connotation. The purpose of this paper is to prove the possibility of absurdity in the tragedy of ancient Greece, its concrete expression and the transcendence of tragedy to it. To sum up, the emergence of absurdity has existed since ancient times, which is different from the category of absurd philosophy which has established its own status in the 20th century. The absurdity in the tragedy of ancient Greece has its own existence meaning, and it is a new experience of ancient Greeks. From the aesthetic point of view, absurdity not only does not affect the loftiness and aesthetics of tragedy, but also deepens the aesthetic charm of tragedy.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I106.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 李凤;;日神精神和酒神精神论——论《悲剧的诞生》中的美学思想[J];安徽文学(下半月);2009年10期
2 邓宏艺;;荒诞与自由——存在主义视野中的《俄狄浦斯王》[J];名作欣赏;2007年15期
3 吴平春;;论古希腊悲剧的命运观及悲剧精神[J];文学教育(中);2010年12期
本文编号：2140385
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yingmeiwenxuelunwen/2140385.html
