2011-2016年河南省人间狂犬病流行病学特征分析

发布时间：2018-01-22 11:35

本文关键词： 狂犬病描述流行病学流行特征疾病监测　出处：《现代预防医学》2017年21期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的探讨河南省2011-2016年人间狂犬病流行特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法对河南省2011-2016年人间狂犬病监测资料进行分析,应用PHGIS1.7.0绘制地区分布图。结果河南省2011-2016年共报告人间狂犬病病例504例,发病率0.082 7/10万-0.105 3/10万。发病以散发为主,无暴发疫情发生。病例分布在全省18个地市123个县区,占全省县区总数的70.69%。豫南、豫东和豫北地区发病较多。夏秋季病例数分别占全年病例总数的63.69%。男性发病率(0.116 8/10万)显著高于女性(0.060 2/10万)。40-74岁中老年人和15岁以下儿童高发,分别占病例总数的79.37%和11.71%。职业以农民为主,占病例总数的78.97%。结论河南省人间狂犬病以散发为主,发病具有一定的季节性,农村为狂犬病防控的重点地区,男性、中老年人群和15岁以下儿童为高危人群。应加强重点地区和高危人群的疫情防控工作,采取综合防控措施,减少病例发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human rabies in Henan Province from 2011 to 2016. Methods descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the surveillance data of human rabies in Henan Province from 2011 to 2016. Results 504 human rabies cases were reported in Henan Province from 2011 to 2016. The incidence of the disease was 0.082 7/10 to 0.105 3/10 million. The incidence was mainly sporadic and there was no outbreak. The cases were distributed in 123 counties of 18 prefectures and cities in the province. It accounts for 70.69% of the total number of counties and districts in the province. The number of cases in summer and autumn accounted for 63.69% of the total cases in the whole year respectively. The incidence rate of male was significantly higher than that of female (1 600 000). There was a high incidence among the middle-aged and the elderly aged 40 to 74 years and children under 15 years of age. Occupation was mainly farmers and 78.97% of the total cases. Conclusion the human rabies in Henan Province is mainly sporadic, the incidence of which has certain seasonality. Rural areas are the key areas for rabies prevention and control, male, middle-aged and elderly people and children under 15 years old are the high-risk groups. The prevention and control of the epidemic situation in key areas and high-risk groups should be strengthened, and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken. Reduce the incidence of cases.
【作者单位】：河南省疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所河南省传染病病原生物重点实验室;
【分类号】：R181.3;R512.99
【正文快照】： 狂犬病(rabies)是由狂犬病毒引起的一种侵犯中枢神经系统为主的急性人兽共患传染病[1],在我国属于乙类法定报告传染病。目前,狂犬病仍是全球范围内重要的公共卫生问题[2]。除南极洲以外,其他各洲都存在狂犬病,但95%以上的人类死亡病例发生在亚洲和非洲[3]。我国是狂犬病流行的

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