洞庭湖洲滩开沟沥水控制钉螺繁殖的研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 02:07

本文关键词： 日本血吸虫病洞庭湖洲滩钉螺开沟沥水　出处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的评价洞庭湖区有螺洲滩实施开沟沥水工程后对钉螺孳生繁殖的影响。方法 2009年11月-2012年11月,选择位于东洞庭湖区的岳阳监狱和君山区有螺外洲滩,分别设为干预区和对照区2组研究现场观察区。在干预区洲滩实施开沟沥水工程,采用挖掘机开挖"井"字沟,观察该工程对洲滩土壤含水量和相对地下水位、以及对钉螺孳生繁殖的影响。对照区洲滩不采取任何措施。结果开沟沥水工程实施前,2组观察区在枯水期不同高程的洲滩土壤平均含水量均在35.56%左右。工程实施后,干预区洲滩土壤平均含水量26.53%,而对照区则为35.56%,两者差异有统计学意义(F=6.53,P0.05);干预区不同高程相对地下水位明显低于对照区,差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.33,P0.05)。工程实施前,干预区和对照区钉螺自然死亡率分别0.98%和0.89%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);工程实施后的2012年干预区未再查见钉螺和幼螺,而对照区活螺平均密度和幼螺则仍分别为29.37只/0.1 m2和213±108.45只/0.1 m2。结论在湖区有螺洲滩开沟可迅速沥干洲滩积水,显著降低洲滩土壤的含水量,改变钉螺繁殖和孳生的生态条件,从而控制钉螺的孳生繁殖。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the effect of gully leachate project on snail breeding and reproduction in Dongting Lake region. Methods from November 2009 to November 2012, Yueyang Prison in East Dongting Lake area and Yunshan District in Junshan District were selected. It was divided into two groups: intervention area and control area. The dredger was used to excavate the "well" trench to observe the effect of the project on the soil water content and the relative groundwater level in the intervention area, and to carry out the trench and leachate project in the intervention area, and the excavator was used to excavate the "well" trench. No measures were taken in the control area. Results the average soil water content of the observation area in different elevation areas was about 35.56% before the implementation of the gully leachate project, and the results showed that the average soil moisture content was about 35.56% in the different elevation areas during the dry season, and the results showed that the soil moisture content of the two groups was about 35.56% in the dry season. The average soil water content in the intervention area was 26.53, while that in the control area was 35.56.The difference was statistically significant, and the relative groundwater level of different elevation in the intervention area was significantly lower than that in the control area (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (33.33) ~ (3)) P _ (0.05). Before the implementation of the project, there was a significant difference between the two groups (蠂 ~ (2) 33. 33. 33. 3% P 0. 05) before the implementation of the project, The natural mortality rate of Oncomelania hupensis was 0.98% and 0.89 respectively in the intervention area and the control area, the difference was not statistically significant (P 0.05), but no snail and juvenile snail were found in the intervention area in 2012 after the implementation of the project. The average density of live snails and juvenile snails in the control area were 29.37 / 0.1 m2 and 213 卤108.45 / 0.1 m2 respectively. Conclusion the seeper in the lake region can be leached rapidly by opening the channel of Luozhou beach, and the soil water content in the beach can be reduced significantly, and the ecological conditions of snail breeding and breeding can be changed. In order to control the breeding and reproduction of Oncomelania hupensis.
【作者单位】：湖南理工学院;湖南省血吸虫病防治所病媒药物研究室、血吸虫病免疫与传播控制湖南省重点实验室;湖南省岳阳监狱血吸虫病防治站;中南大学;
【基金】：湖南省卫生厅和水利厅课题(20020515) 水利部公益性行业科研专项课题(200801004) 湖南省科技厅课题(2014FJ3031)
【分类号】：R532.21

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