重庆市狂犬病病例暴露和暴露后预防现况分析

发布时间：2018-03-29 20:28

本文选题：狂犬病　切入点：暴露　出处：《现代预防医学》2015年03期

【摘要】：目的分析重庆市狂犬病病例暴露和暴露后预防(Post-Exposure Prophylaxis,PEP)现状,探讨暴露特征和PEP水平,为加强防控提供科学依据。方法对2007-2012年重庆市狂犬病病例调查,内容包括人口学、暴露史、PEP等流行病学信息,使用SPSS18.0进行统计分析。结果重庆市96.3%的狂犬病病例的感染源是犬,53.3%暴露于流浪犬,75.8%为Ⅲ度暴露,74.5%被主动袭击;53.5%未对伤口做任何处理,伤口处理以自行处理为主(占49.3%),市辖区和市辖县各指标差异无统计学意义。研究对象狂犬病暴露后疫苗和被动免疫制剂接种率分别仅为14.6%和2.6%,无任何形式的PEP者占52.2%,PEP规范率仅为1.31%。结论重庆市狂犬病病例的主要感染源是犬,主动袭击是主要暴露原因,流浪犬管理亟待关注与解决,病例PEP规范水平低下是病例免疫失败的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the current situation of Post-Exposure prophylaxis Pep (PEP) in rabies cases in Chongqing, to explore the characteristics of exposure and the level of PEP, and to provide scientific basis for strengthening prevention and control. Methods to investigate rabies cases in Chongqing from 2007 to 2012, including demography. Results the infection source of 96. 3% of rabies cases in Chongqing was 53.3% dogs exposed to stray dogs. 75.8% of them were exposed to the third degree of exposure. 74.5% of them were actively attacked. 53.5% of the cases did not deal with the wound. The wound treatment was mainly self-treatment (49.3%). There was no significant difference between municipal district and county. The vaccination rates of vaccine and passive immunization agent after rabies exposure were only 14.6% and 2.6%, respectively. There was no PEP in any form. The standard rate of PEP was only 1.31. Conclusion the main source of infection in rabies cases in Chongqing is dogs. Active attack is the main cause of exposure, the management of stray dogs needs to be paid close attention to and solved urgently. The low standard level of case PEP is the main reason for the failure of case immunization.
【作者单位】：重庆市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R512.99

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