中国2008～2013年C群流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行病学及临床特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-06 20:25

本文选题：流行性脑脊髓膜炎　切入点：C群脑膜炎耐瑟菌　出处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2015年02期

【摘要】：目的分析中国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)2008~2013年由C群脑膜炎耐瑟菌(Neisseria meningitidis,Nm)引起的流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)病例的流行病学及临床特征,为预防控制流脑提供参考。方法利用2008~2013年全国法定传染病报告系统资料、流脑单病/专病监测信息报告管理系统数据,运用描述流行病学方法,采用统计产品与服务解决方案16.0及微软公司办公软件2007进行统计分析。结果中国2008~2013年流脑年平均发病率为0.031/10万,其中C群流脑年平均发病率为0.0032/10万。C群流脑病例占实验室确诊流脑病例总数的47.59%,主要分布在安徽、河北、江苏、湖北和广东省,其中安徽省C群流脑病例数占全国C群流脑总病例数的37.35%;10~19岁C群流脑病例占C群流脑病例总数的51.75%;学生C群流脑病例占C群流脑病例总数的56.81%。75%的A、C群流脑病例可出现发热、急性发病、头痛或者呕吐,50%的A、C群流脑病例出现高热;60%的A、C群流脑病例出现恶心、颈项强直或皮肤瘀点瘀斑;出现意识障碍和惊厥的病例较少。各单项临床表现及脑脊液(Cerebrospinal Fluid,CSF)实验室常规检测结果在A、C群流脑病例中的分布差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论中国2008~2013年流脑报告发病数呈逐年下降趋势,预防控制流脑取得显著成效。全国80%的省(自治区、直辖市)检出C群Nm引起的流脑病例,45%实验室确诊流脑病例为C群病例,C群流脑有向全国逐渐蔓延之势。C群流脑青少年高发的年龄特征仍然存在。C群流脑病例临床表现及CSF实验室常规检测结果均不比A群流脑病例严重。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of epidemic meningitis (meningitis) caused by Neisseria meningitis Nm in China (not including Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative region and Taiwan) from 2008 to 2013.To provide reference for prevention and control of meningitis.Methods from 2008 to 2013, the data of the National legal Infectious Diseases reporting system and the data of the surveillance information management system for the patients with single meningitis and specific diseases were used to describe the epidemiology of the disease.Statistical products and services solution 16.0 and Microsoft office software 2007 for statistical analysis.Results from 2008 to 2013, the average annual incidence of meningitis in China was 0.031 / 100, 000. The annual average incidence of group C was 0.0032 / 100 000. Group C accounted for 47.59% of the total number of laboratory confirmed cases of meningitis, mainly distributed in Anhui, Hebei, Jiangsu, Hubei and Guangdong provinces.Acute onset, headache or vomiting in 50% of patients with ANAC had high fever and 60% had nausea, neck rigidity or ecchymosis of skin stasis, and there were fewer cases of disturbance of consciousness and convulsion.There was no significant difference in the distribution of the clinical manifestations and the laboratory results of Cerebrospinal fluid fluidosurgery (CSF) in patients with ANAC group of meningitis (P 0.05).Conclusion the number of cases reported in China from 2008 to 2013 is decreasing year by year, and significant results have been achieved in prevention and control of meningitis.Eighty per cent of the provinces (autonomous regions) throughout the country,) 45% of laboratory confirmed cases of meningitis caused by group C Nm have the tendency to spread gradually to the whole country. The age characteristics of high incidence of group C meningitis still exist. Group C meningitis cases are imminent.The bed manifestation and CSF laboratory routine test results were not more serious than group A meningitis cases.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心;中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所传染病预防控制国家重点实验室;
【分类号】：R515.2

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