2006-2015年昭通市麻疹流行病学特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-16 18:30

本文选题：麻疹 + 监测　；参考：《现代预防医学》2017年15期

【摘要】：目的分析昭通市麻疹发病情况,探索麻疹高发原因,为防控提供参考,达到早日实现消除麻疹的目标。方法应用描述性流行病学研究方法通过Excel 2007和SPSS18.0进行数据统计分析。结果 2006-2015年昭通市共报告麻疹病例3 224例,年平均发病率6.22/10万,发病率水平总体呈下降趋势。病例主要集中在中心城市昭阳区,占发病总数的29.60%,不同县区间发病差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。发病率最高是2007年(25.21/10万),最低是2010年(0.18/10万),不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。每年12月和5月发病较多,出现2个发病高峰,不同月份发病构成比差异有统计学意义(P0.001),麻疹发病存在周期性和季节性。2-15岁发病人数较多,占发病总数的41.07%(1 324/3 224)。2009年后麻疹发病主要集中在2岁以下的散居儿童。免疫史中免疫1次的占16.9%,免疫2次的占3.19%,未免疫及不详的占57.44%。结论昭通市麻疹发病具有周期性和季节性,昭阳区是麻疹发病的重点地区,2岁以下儿童是麻疹发病的重点人群。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the incidence of measles in Zhaotong City, explore the causes of high incidence of measles, provide reference for prevention and control, and achieve the goal of eliminating measles as soon as possible.Methods descriptive epidemiological study was used to analyze the data by Excel 2007 and SPSS18.0.Results 3,224 measles cases were reported in Zhaotong City from 2006 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 6.22 / 100 thousand.The cases were mainly concentrated in Zhaoyang District, the central city, accounting for 29.60% of the total incidence. The difference of incidence between different counties was statistically significant (P 0.001).The highest incidence rate was in 2007 (25.21%) and the lowest in 2010 (0.18% / 100 000). The difference of incidence rate in different years was statistically significant (P 0.001).In December and May of each year, the incidence rate was more frequently, and there were two peaks. There were statistically significant differences in the ratio of incidence components in different months (P 0.001). The incidence of measles occurred periodically and seasonally. The number of people aged 2 to 15 years old with measles was higher.The incidence of measles was mainly in children under 2 years of age after 2009.In the history of immunization, 16.9% were immunized, 3.19% were immunized twice, 57.44% were unimmunized and unknown.Conclusion the incidence of measles in Zhaotong city is periodic and seasonal. Zhaoyang district is the key area of measles incidence. Children under 2 years old are the key population of measles incidence.
【作者单位】：昭通市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：云南省重大传染病疫苗研发重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(KF2015-02)
【分类号】：R181.3;R511.1

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