2009～2013年苏州市戒毒所内吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测

发布时间：2018-04-22 03:26

本文选题：吸毒人群 + 艾滋病　；参考：《苏州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：了解苏州市吸毒人群的社会人口学、艾滋病防治知识知晓率、吸毒种类及方式、性行为情况等特征，了解吸毒人群的HIV、梅毒和HCV感染现状，为控制吸毒人群中艾滋病的流行、加强艾滋病防范和对吸毒人群的矫治，针对性采取预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法：以2009～2013年监测期间苏州市戒毒所内所有新入所的吸毒人员为研究对象，采用中国CDC提供的统一调查表，边访谈边进行调查；采集调查对象血清，检测HIV抗体、梅毒抗体和HCV抗体，将监测数据统一录入艾滋病哨点监测网络服务器和客户端软件，建立Excel2003数据库，SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果：调查共收集问卷1804份，采集血样1804份，问卷有效率为100%；吸毒人群以男性为主，30岁以下年龄段占55.82%，未婚和在婚的比例较大，本省占51.66%，95.23%的调查对象为汉族人，文化程度以初中居多。吸毒人群对“蚊虫叮咬是否会传播艾滋病”这一问题的回答正确率为40.35%，其余知识问题回答正确率达75%以上。吸毒人群吸食毒品种类主要以冰毒为主，占69.29%，其次为海洛因，占27.94%，男性吸毒人群海洛因的吸食率显著高于女性，女性吸毒人群冰毒吸食率显著高于男性，男性吸毒者注射毒品的注射率高于女性吸毒者，曾经注射过毒品的吸毒者中，30%的吸毒者与他人共用过针具。在最近一次，吸毒人群与固定性伴发生性行为时，安全套使用率仅占20%左右，与商业性伴发生商业性行为时，安全套使用率不到60%，吸毒人群接受到艾滋病预防干预服务目前仍以“安全套宣传和发放/艾滋病咨询与检测”为主。本次调查HIV感染阳性数为18人，阳性率为0.99%，梅毒阳性人数83人，阳性率4.60%，丙肝阳性人数328人，阳性率18.18%，少数民族、文化程度低、共用针具的注射吸毒人群感染HIV的危险性大于汉族、文化程度高、未共用过针具的吸毒人群，OR值分别为15.784、0.058和5.778，女性感染梅毒的危险性大于男性，OR=3.318。结论：不同人口学特征的吸毒人群在艾滋病知识掌握情况、使用毒品、注射毒品、共用针具、性行为情况、HIV和梅毒感染现状等方面均有显著的差异，因此，要结合吸毒人群的特征开展干预活动，对少数民族地区普及艾滋病健康教育知识，，深入推广清洁针具交换工作，在开展艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务的时候，推荐吸毒人员同时进行梅毒检测，同时在开展行为干预时要给以女性更多的关注。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the characteristics of social demography, knowledge rate of AIDS prevention and control, types and ways of drug use, and sexual behavior among drug users in Suzhou, and to understand the current situation of HIV, syphilis and HCV infection among drug users. In order to control the prevalence of AIDS among drug users, strengthen AIDS prevention and treatment of drug users, targeted prevention and control measures to provide scientific basis. Methods: during the surveillance period from 2009 to 2013, all the newly admitted drug users in the rehab in Suzhou City were selected as the research objects, and the HIV antibody was detected by using the unified questionnaire provided by CDC in China, while interviewing, collecting the sera of the investigated subjects, and detecting the HIV antibody. Syphilis antibody and HCV antibody, the surveillance data were input into the surveillance network server and client software, and the Excel2003 database was established to carry out statistical analysis by SPSS 13.0. Results: a total of 1804 questionnaires were collected, 1804 blood samples were collected, the effective rate of the questionnaire was 100. 55.82% of drug addicts were under 30 years of age, and the proportion of unmarried and married was relatively large. In this province, 51.66% of the respondents were Han people. Education level in junior high school is the majority. The correct rate of answer to the question "whether mosquito bites will spread AIDS" among drug addicts is 40.35, and the correct rate of other knowledge questions is more than 75%. The main drug types of drug users were methamphetamine (69.29%), followed by heroin (27.94%). The heroin consumption rate of male drug users was significantly higher than that of women, and that of female drug users was significantly higher than that of men. The injection rate of male drug users was higher than that of female drug users, and 30% of drug users who had injected drugs shared needles with others. Most recently, condom use among drug addicts was only about 20 percent when they had sex with a fixed partner, and when they had commercial sex with a commercial partner, Condom use rate is less than 60, drug users receive AIDS prevention and intervention services are still mainly "condom publicity and distribution / AIDS counseling and testing." The positive rate of HIV infection was 18, the positive rate was 0.99, the positive rate of syphilis was 83, the positive rate was 4.60, the positive rate of hepatitis C was 328, the positive rate was 18.18. The risk of HIV infection in injecting drug users who shared needles was higher than that in Han nationality. The OR values of drug users who did not share needles were 15.784n0.058 and 5.778respectively. The risk of syphilis infection in women was higher than that in males (OR3.318). Conclusion: there are significant differences in AIDS knowledge, drug use, injecting drug use, needle sharing, sexual behavior and HIV and syphilis infection among drug users with different demographic characteristics. It is necessary to carry out intervention activities in the light of the characteristics of drug users, popularize AIDS health education knowledge in ethnic minority areas, deepen the promotion of clean needle exchange, and carry out voluntary AIDS counselling and testing services. Drug users are recommended for simultaneous syphilis testing, while giving more attention to women when conducting behavioral interventions.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R512.91;R749.64

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