基于GIS的滇池、阳宗海流域广州管圆线虫病流行病学研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 15:17

本文选题：地理信息系统（GIS） + 广州管圆线虫　；参考：《大理学院》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：【目的】根据福寿螺、褐云玛瑙螺、广州管圆线虫等物种的发育零点温度和有效累积积温，运用地理信息系统（Geographical information system，GIS）分别预测其在云南省的适生区域；参考预测图选择多次暴发广州管圆线虫病疫情的分布于昆明市的滇池、阳宗海流域开展广州管圆线虫病流行病学调查，从而全面了解滇池、阳宗海两大高原湖泊流域内有无福寿螺、褐云玛瑙螺以及广州管圆线虫的自然分布及感染情况；调查本地居民对广州管圆线虫病相关知识的知晓程度、广州管圆线虫病的感染情况及特征，明确昆明市售螺蛳来源，从控制传染源、切断传播途径、保护易感人群三方面入手，为制定广州管圆线虫病在当地流行的防控策略提供科学依据。【方法】首先，收集、统计近年来云南省32个气象站点月均气温，根据物种发育的零点温度和有效积温原理，结合GIS软件（Arc GIS），建立福寿螺、褐云玛瑙螺、广州管圆线虫在云南省的理论分布区域图，并用已知数据对其进行验证。然后结合预测图，选择滇池、阳宗海流域进行流行病学调查。捕捞流域内河流、湖泊、水沟内螺蛳，采集当地水产市场、农贸市场、餐馆内螺蛳、龙虾等，拍照鉴种；选择人群聚居区、湖周边捕鼠，拍照、鉴定鼠种、雌雄和成幼后，活鼠股动脉取血留存；选取流域内居民，知情同意后进行与广州管圆线虫病有关的问卷调查同时采集血清。实验室中采用胃蛋白酶消化法和（或）肺检法检查螺蛳、小虾、牛蛙、龙虾广州管圆线虫三期幼虫的感染情况；鼠类解剖后，撕碎心肺组织检查血管内有无广州管圆线虫成虫寄生；采集到的鼠血清、人血清分别用相应试剂盒检测广州管圆线虫特异性IgG抗体。最后应用Epidata、Excel、SPSS等软件对结果进行录入及统计分析。【结果】建立了福寿螺、褐云玛瑙螺、广州管圆线虫在云南省适生区分布图，并对福寿螺、褐云玛瑙螺的预测结果进行验证。其中滇池、阳宗海流域温度条件均达到福寿螺、广州管圆线虫发育完成一个世代的最低条件，而褐云玛瑙螺在此区域并不适生。明确了滇池采集的螺蛳以萝卜螺、环棱螺、中国圆田螺为主，阳宗海内的螺蛳主要有环棱螺、福寿螺、萝卜螺；掌握了昆明市官渡区木水花野生菌海鲜综合批发市场、和平村农贸海鲜综合广场和五华区篆新综合批发市场出售的主要螺种为福寿螺、环棱螺，其中福寿螺来源主要为广西以及云南的红河、瑞丽等地；滇池流域检测湖泊内、市场螺蛳5批次共1364只，未检获广州管圆线虫阳性螺蛳，检测龙虾、青蛙、小虾共341只，未见阳性。阳宗海流域的阳宗镇、汤池镇、草甸乡农产品市场未见生螺蛳售卖，检测湖泊内福寿螺、萝卜螺、环棱螺共计1366只，未检到广州管圆线虫幼虫。两湖流域共检查鼠类三种426只，所调查区域褐家鼠占比为82%（349/426），为当地优势鼠种，其次为黄胸鼠（16%）和小家鼠（2%）。解剖检查鼠心肺组织238份，未检获广州管圆线虫；检测鼠血清广州管圆线虫IgG抗体267份，未见抗体阳性样本。对滇池、阳宗海周围村镇部分居民入户调查，被调查者对广州管圆线虫及广州管圆线虫病知晓率仅为8.2%（55/671），46.5%（322/690）的被调查者曾吃过螺蛳，烹饪方法多为爆炒、凉拌等。两湖共抽样调查690份人血清，广州管圆线虫IgG抗体阳性率1%（7/690）。阳性血清抗体OD平均值0.193，抗体阳性7人均无头痛、头晕、脖子发硬等症状，其中4人否认有吃过螺蛳、青蛙等流行病学史，所以7份阳性血清均不能诊断为广州管圆线虫感染。【结论】 1.滇池、阳宗海流域温度条件均适宜福寿螺、广州管圆线虫的生长、繁殖；阳宗海内已有福寿螺入侵并繁殖下来。两湖流域温度条件不适宜褐云玛瑙螺生长、繁殖。 2.滇池、阳宗海流域均发现广州管圆线虫中间宿主环棱螺的自然生长。 3.湖泊内捕捞的螺蛳、虾、小龙虾等宿主未检测到广州管圆线虫幼虫；昆明市市售福寿螺未检测到广州管圆线虫幼虫。 4.滇池、阳宗海流域内鼠类未检测到广州管圆线虫。 5.居民饮食卫生健康教育亟待加强，流域内居民对广州管圆线虫及广州管圆线虫病知晓率较低，，46.5%的被调查者食用过螺蛳，广州管圆线虫病暴发流行的因素仍然存在。 6.结合物种发育的基本条件，GIS软件可以很好的预测目的地环境是否适合该物种生存，从而为流行病学调查选点提供有意义的参考，为制定防控疾病在该区域的暴发流行的策略提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Purpose of the project

According to the developmental zero temperature and effective cumulative accumulated temperature of species such as the snail , the brown cloud agate snail , the Angiostrongylus Guangzhou , and so on , the adaptability information system ( GIS ) is used to predict the region of the adaptability in Yunnan Province , respectively .
The distribution of the epidemic situation of Angiostrongylus taiwanensis in Kunming and the epidemiological investigation of angiostrongyliasis in the Yangzonghai river basin were carried out on the basis of the reference forecast chart , so as to understand the natural distribution and infection of the snails , the brown clouds and the Angiostrongylus in the lake basins of the two large plateau of the Lake , Yangzonghai and the Yangzonghai .
To investigate the knowledge degree of the local residents ' knowledge about the Angiostrongyciasis in Guangzhou , the infection situation and characteristics of Angiostrongylus in Guangzhou , the source of the snail in Kunming , the source of infection , the way of cutting propagation and the protection of the susceptible population are discussed . The scientific basis is provided for the development of the control strategy of Angiostrongyliasis in Guangzhou .

Methodology

First , the monthly average temperature of 32 meteorological stations in Yunnan Province was collected and counted in recent years . According to the zero temperature and effective accumulated temperature principle of species development , combined with the GIS software ( Arc GIS ) , the theoretical distribution region diagram of the snails and Angiostrongylus helenensis in Yunnan Province was established , and verified by known data .

Then , according to the forecast map , select Dian Chi and Yangzonghai river basin to carry on the epidemiological investigation , capture river , lake and ditch inner spiral snail in the river basin , collect local aquatic product market , agricultural and trade market , restaurant inner snail , lobster and so on , take photo identification ;
selecting a population settlement region , a lake periphery mouse trap , photographing , identifying a mouse species , female and male and young , and taking blood to retain the living rat femoral artery ;
The residents in the watershed were selected to carry out the questionnaire survey of Angiostrongyciasis in Guangzhou after informed consent , and the serum was collected .

Pepsin digestion and / or pulmonary examination were used to examine the infection of three larvae of snail , shrimp , bullfrog and lobster in Guangzhou .
After the rodents were dissected , the heart and lung tissues were torn and examined for the presence or absence of the parasitic nematode of Angiostrongylus in the blood vessel .
The specific IgG antibody of Angiostrongylus Guangzhou was detected by using the kit in serum and human serum respectively .

Finally , the results were recorded and analyzed by Epidata , Excel and SPSS .

The result is not valid .

In this paper , we have established the distribution map of the snails and the Angiostrongylus helenensis in Yunnan Province in Yunnan Province , and verified the results of the prediction of the snail . The temperature conditions of the lake and Yangzonghai river basin all reach the minimum condition of one generation , and the brown cloud agate snail is not in this area .

In this paper , it is clear that the snails collected in the Dian Lake are mainly composed of radish snail , spiral ridge and Chinese circular snail , and the snail in Yangzonghai is mainly composed of spiral , snail and turnip .
It has mastered the comprehensive wholesale market of the wild bacteria of the wild mushroom in the Guandu District of Kunming , and the main snail species which are sold in the new comprehensive wholesale market of the seafood comprehensive square and the Wuhua district of the Heping Village , are as follows : The source of the snail is mainly Guangxi and the Honghe , Ruili and the like in Yunnan ;
In the lake of Dian Lake , there were 1364 positive snails in the market , and there were 341 positive snails of Angiostrongylus in Guangzhou , and 341 of them were not detected . There were no positive cases in Yang Zongzhen , Tangchi town and meadow township agricultural product market in Yangzonghai River .

There were three 426 rodents in the two lakes , 82 % ( 349 / 426 ) and 82 % ( 349 / 426 ) in the investigated area .
No antibody positive samples were found in 267 parts of IgG antibody of Angiostrongylus incognita in the serum of mice .

According to the survey of the residents of the villages and towns around the Lake and Yangzonghai Sea , the rate of awareness of Angiostrongylus and Angiostrongylus in Guangzhou was only 8.2 % ( 55 / 671 ) , 46 . 5 % ( 322 / 690 ) .

The positive rate of IgG was 1 % ( 7 / 690 ) . The mean OD of positive serum antibody was 0.193 . There was no headache , dizziness , hard neck , etc .

Conclusion

1 . The temperature conditions of Dian Lake and Yangzonghai river basin are suitable for the growth and reproduction of T .
In Yangzonghai , it has been invaded and propagated . The temperature condition of the two lakes is not suitable for the growth and propagation of the brown clouds .

2 . The natural growth was found in the central host of Angiostrongylus in the Yangzonghai river basin .

3 . The host of snail , shrimp and crawfish caught in the lake did not detect the larvae of Angiostrongylus in Guangzhou ;
The larvae of Angiostrongylus incognita were not detected in the city of Kunming .

4 . There were no angiostrongynemattes in Guangzhou , Yangzonghai river basin .

5 . The health education of residents ' eating and health needs to be strengthened . The residents of the river basin have low awareness of Angiostrongylus and Angiostrongylus in Guangzhou .

6 . Combined with the basic condition of species development , GIS software can predict whether the destination environment is suitable for the survival of the species , so as to provide meaningful reference for epidemiological survey and provide theoretical basis for the development of prevention and control diseases in the region .

【学位授予单位】：大理学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R532.1

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