2011-2015年漳州市芗城区农村人群土源性线虫感染国家级监测点监测情况分析

发布时间：2018-06-24 22:38

本文选题：线虫感染 + 土源性线虫　；参考：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的分析2011-2015年福建省国家级监测点漳州市芗城区农村人群土源性线虫感染情况。方法于2011-2015年将漳州市芗城区按东、西、南、北、中5个片区划分,随机选择大寨村、秋坑村、山美村、甘棠村和浦林村等5个村为监测点,应用改良加藤厚涂片法检查土源性线虫感染情况,透明胶纸肛拭法检查3~12周岁儿童蛲虫(Enterobius vermicularis)感染情况。随机数字表法收集75户家庭的蔬菜园、果园及其他种植地的土壤标本进行钩蚴培养分离,并鉴定虫种。结果共检查芗城区5个村5 352人,检出土源性线虫感染者572例,总感染率为10.7%。2011-2015年感染率分别为14.3%(146/1 022)、14.7%(155/1 052)、4.0%(42/1 053)、7.3%(78/1 067)和13.0%(151/1 158)。人群土源性线虫感染以钩虫(Ancylostoma sp.)为主,感染率为5.9%(318/5 352),其中2011年的感染率最高,为10.8%(110/1 022)。2012-2015年钩虫感染率分别为6.2%(65/1 052)、1.4%(15/1 053)、3.2%(34/1 067)、8.1%(94/1 158),均为轻度感染。蛔虫(Ascaris lumbricoides)感染仅2012年查出2例,均为轻度感染。鞭虫(Trichuris trichiura)感染分别于2012、2014、2015年查出1、1、2例,均为轻度感染。儿童蛲虫感染共检查668人,感染率为37.1%(248/668),其中2014年的感染率最低,为27.7%(43/155),2012年最高,为56.5%(87/154)。男性土源性线虫感染率为11.6%(300/2 595),高于女性的9.9%(272/2 757)(P0.05)。除15岁年龄组外(该组以蛲虫感染为主),其余各年龄组的土源性线虫感染率随着年龄增长逐渐升高,15~24岁年龄组最低,为1.9%(5/266),65岁年龄组最高,为11.0%(98/889)(P0.05)。不同职业分布中,农民、学生和学前儿童的感染率分别为7.1%(321/4 521)、21.8%(122/559)和47.4%(129/272)。不同文化水平中,以文盲或半文盲、小学为主,感染率分别为23.9%(245/1 025)和11.9%(238/1 995);感染率随受教育程度升高而降低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=308.16,P0.05)。检测土壤标本75份,钩蚴阳性19份,2011年大寨村土壤中钩蚴分离份数最多,为10份;钩蚴经鉴定均为美洲钩虫(Necator americanus)。结论 2011-2015年芗城区农村人群土源性线虫感染率呈下降趋势,但儿童蛲虫感染仍维持较高的水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the infection of soil nematode in rural population of Zhangzhou City, a national surveillance site in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2015. Methods from 2011 to 2015, the Xiangcheng District of Zhangzhou City was divided according to the five districts of east, west, south, north and middle. Five villages, including Dazhai Village, Qiukeng Village, Shanmei Village, Gantang Village and Pulin Village, were randomly selected as the monitoring sites. The infection of soil derived nematode was detected by modified Kato thick smear method and Enterobius vermicularis infection was detected by means of transparent tape anal swab. The soil samples of 75 families were collected from vegetable gardens, orchards and other planting areas by random number table method. Results A total of 5 352 people were examined in 5 villages in Xiangcheng District, and 572 cases of nematode infection were detected. The total infection rate in 2011-2015 was 14. 3% (146 / 1022), 14. 7% (15 / 1 052), 4. 0% (42 / 1 053) and 7. 3% (78 / 1 067) and 13. 0% (151 / 1 158) respectively. (Ancylostoma sp.) of hookworm infected by soil derived nematode in population The infection rate in 2011 was 10.8% (110 / 1022). In 2012-2015, the infection rate of hookworm was 6.2% (65 / 1052), 1.4% (15 / 1053) / 3.2% (34 / 1067) 8.1% (94 / 1 158). Only 2 cases of Ascaris lumbricoides (Ascaris lumbricoides) infection were detected in 2012, all of which were mild infection. Trichuris trichiura infection was detected in 2012 and 2014 respectively. In 2015, 2 cases of Trichuris trichiura were detected as mild infection. A total of 668 children were examined for Enterobius vermicularis infection, with an infection rate of 37.1% (248 / 668). The lowest infection rate was 27.7% (43 / 155) in 2014, and the highest rate was 56.5% (87 / 154) in 2012. The infection rate of male soil-derived nematode was 11.6% (300 / 2 595), which was higher than that of female (9.9%) (272 / 2757) (P0.05). Except for 15 years old group, the infection rate of soil origin nematode was the lowest in 1524 age group, which was 1.9% (5 / 266) and the highest was 11.0% (98 / 889) (P0.05). The infection rates of farmers, students and preschool children were 7.1% (321 / 4521) and 47.4% (129.272) respectively. Among the different education levels, illiteracy or semi-illiteracy was the main factor in primary school, the infection rate was 23.9% (24.5 / 1025) and 11.9% (238 / 1 995) respectively, and the infection rate decreased with the increase of education level (蠂 ~ 2 / 308.16) (蠂 ~ 2 / 308.16). 75 soil specimens were detected, 19 were positive for hydatid, and 10 were isolated from the soil of Dazhai village in 2011, all of which were identified as Necator americanus). Conclusion the infection rate of soil-derived nematode decreased in rural population of Xiangcheng city from 2011 to 2015, but the level of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children was still high.
【作者单位】：漳州市芗城区疾病预防控制中心;福建省疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R181.8;R532.1

【相似文献】