云南省昭通市流行性乙型脑炎流行状况调查

发布时间：2018-07-10 12:50

本文选题：乙型脑炎病毒 + 蚊虫组成　；参考：《大理学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：弄清昭通市流行性乙型脑炎疫情状况、蚊虫媒介组成及其优势蚊虫带毒率情况，为当地流行性乙型脑炎的预防控制提供科学依据。内容：收集和分析2005-2011年昭通市流行性乙型脑炎疫情数据；现场调查昭通市蚊虫组成、夜间活动节律；蚊虫乙型脑炎病毒带毒率调查等。方法：收集昭通市2005-2011年流行性乙型脑炎疫情数据，并进行分析；蚊虫调查方法，在调查点畜圈采取诱蚊灯通宵捕获成蚊，次日对捕获的成蚊进行分类鉴定并计数，以弄清当地蚊虫种类组成情况，然后把现场采集的蚊虫保存于液氮罐带回实验室待下一步实验研宄；同时采用帐诱法通宵观察成蚊夜间活动习性调查；蚊虫带毒率调查，采用细胞培养法（白纹伊蚊C6/36)进行病毒分离，然后提取RNA，最后采用RT-PCR两步法鉴定病毒并测序，计算出蚊虫自然带毒率。结果：乙脑疫情情况，2005-2011年昭通市乙型脑炎共发病811例，年均发病率为2.3820/10万，其中2006年发病数最高；7年间，年龄分布于15岁以下人群发病较高，占发病总数90.01%，7-9月为当地乙型脑炎发病高峰。蚊虫组成情况，共捕获4属6亚属13种114275只成蚊，其中以三带喙库蚊、中华按蚊、骚扰阿蚊为主要优势蚊种，它们的构成比分别为85.79%、11.85%和1.44%;通宵蚊虫调查发现，三带喙库蚊全夜均有活动，，活动高峰22:00-23：00。实验室乙脑病毒检测，采用C6/36细胞接种细胞分离112组蚊虫标本，其中三带喙库蚊（81组）、中华按蚊（22组）、骚扰阿蚊（4组）、致卷库蚊（5组），结果阳性25组；经采用PCR方法共检测出黄病毒阳性标本5组，该5组标本均鉴定为乙型脑炎病毒，且来自于三带喙库蚊；三带喙库蚊自然带毒率为0.28%。；5株乙脑病毒基因型均为基因I型。结论：昭通市流行性乙型脑炎流行较严重，蚊虫种类多，其中三带喙库蚊是当地优势蚊种，也是乙型脑炎主要传播媒介，自然带毒率为0.28%。。当地乙型脑炎流行主要由乙脑病毒基因I型引起，提示当地防疫部门应做好防蚊灭蚊控制措施，并加强对易感人群疫苗接种工作。
[Abstract]:Objective: to find out the epidemic situation of epidemic encephalitis B in Zhaotong city, the composition of mosquito vector and its predominant mosquito carrying rate, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of epidemic encephalitis B in Zhaotong city. Contents: collecting and analyzing epidemic data of epidemic Japanese encephalitis in Zhaotong city from 2005 to 2011; investigation of mosquito composition, night activity rhythm and virus carrying rate of mosquito type B encephalitis virus in Zhaotong City. Methods: the epidemic data of epidemic encephalitis B from 2005 to 2011 in Zhaotong City were collected and analyzed. In order to find out the species composition of the local mosquitoes, and then store the mosquitoes collected in the field in liquid nitrogen tanks for further study; at the same time, observe the nocturnal behavior of adult mosquitoes overnight by using the trap method, and investigate the rate of mosquitoes carrying the virus. The virus was isolated from Aedes albopictus C6 / 36 by cell culture, then RNAs were extracted. The virus was identified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Results: there were 811 cases of Japanese encephalitis in Zhaotong City from 2005 to 2011. The average annual incidence rate was 23.820 / 100 thousand. In 2006, the incidence was the highest in seven years, and the age distribution was higher in the population under 15 years of age. The incidence of Japanese encephalitis was the highest in July and September. Among them, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles sinensis and Anopheles albopictus were the dominant species, and their composition ratios were 85.795.85% and 1.44g respectively. Culex tritaeniorhynchus is active all night, with a peak of 22: 00-23: 00. In laboratory, 112 mosquito specimens were isolated by C6 / 36 cell inoculation. Among them, Culex tritaeniorhynchus (81 groups), Anopheles sinensis (22 groups), Anopheles albopictus (4 groups) and Culex humigatus (5 groups) were detected. The results showed that 25 groups were positive. Five groups of yellow virus positive specimens were detected by PCR. All of the five groups were identified as Japanese encephalitis virus and were from Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and the natural carrying rate of Japanese encephalitis virus of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was 0.28. 5 strains of Japanese encephalitis virus were all genotypes of gene I. Conclusion: epidemic encephalitis B is serious in Zhaotong city, and there are many kinds of mosquitoes. Culex tritaeniformis is the dominant mosquito species and the main transmission vector of Japanese encephalitis in Zhaotong city. The epidemic of Japanese encephalitis was mainly caused by Japanese encephalitis gene type I, which suggested that local epidemic prevention departments should do a good job in mosquito control and mosquito control, and strengthen the vaccination of susceptible population.
【学位授予单位】：大理学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R512.32

【参考文献】