上海市普陀区2008—2012年水痘突破病例流行病学分析

发布时间：2018-10-25 19:42

【摘要】：目的了解上海市普陀区水痘聚集性疫情中突破病例的流行病学特征,为有效预防控制水痘疫情提供参考。方法收集2008—2012年上海市普陀区学校及幼托机构中水痘聚集性疫情及病例,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果共纳入研究对象1 457人,其中原发病例871例(53.2%),突破病例586例(35.8%);2008—2012年突破病例所占的比例分别为26.0%,27.8%,38.8%,47.9%及53.8%。水痘突破病例出现发热及疱疹症状的比例均低于原发病例(χ2值分别为62.014,39.681,P值均0.01)。突破病例主要集中于水痘疫苗接种后4~8 a,其中接种后第4年突破病例比例最高(16.9%);接种后0~2 a,3~5 a,6~8 a,9 a及以上发生水痘突破病例出现发热症状的比例分别为18.8%,19.0%,26.5%及41.1%,出现疱疹症状的比例分别为53.1%,70.3%,80.7%和82.2%。结论 2008—2012年普陀区水痘聚集性疫情中突破病例比例呈上升趋势,突破病例临床症状严重程度与疫苗接种时间有相关性。建议尽快开展水痘疫苗两针法免疫。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of breakout cases of chickenpox in Putuo District, Shanghai, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of chickenpox. Methods the incidence and cases of chickenpox in schools and nursery institutions in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2012 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 1 457 subjects were included, among whom 871 cases (53.2%) had primary disease and 586 cases (35.8%) had breakthrough. In 2008-2012, the proportion of breakthrough cases was 26.0 and 27.80.The percentage of breakthrough cases was 47.9% and 53.8%, respectively. The incidence of fever and herpes symptoms in chickenpox breakthrough cases was lower than that in primary cases (蠂 ~ 2 = 62.014 ~ 39.681) (P = 0.01). The breakthrough cases were mainly concentrated in 4 ~ 8 years after vaccination of varicella vaccine, and the proportion of breakthrough cases in the fourth year after vaccination was the highest (16.9%). The febrile symptoms of chickenpox breakthrough cases occurred at 0 ~ 2 a, 3 ~ 5, 5 a, 6 ~ 8 a, 9 a and above were 18.819.0% and 41.1%, respectively, and the rates of herpes symptoms were 53.1%, 53.1%, respectively, after inoculation, the proportion of cases with chickenpox breakthrough was 18.819.0% and 41.1%, respectively. 70.3% and 82.2%. Conclusion the proportion of breakthrough cases in chickenpox aggregation epidemic in Putuo district from 2008 to 2012 is on the rise. The severity of clinical symptoms of breakout cases is correlated with the vaccination time. It is suggested that vaccination of varicella vaccine with two needles should be carried out as soon as possible.
【作者单位】：上海市普陀区疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R511.5

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