内镜诊疗中心乙型肝炎职业暴露16例分析

发布时间：2019-01-05 09:00

【摘要】：目的探讨内镜诊疗中心工作人员乙型肝炎职业暴露的特点及防范措施。方法对16例内镜诊疗中心乙型肝炎职业暴露工作人员进行回顾性分析,统计其一般情况,包括年龄、性别、职称类别;职业暴露原因及方式,包括锐器刺伤、破损黏膜接触、污染物溅到眼睛;职业暴露后处理情况。结果16例乙型肝炎职业暴露者平均年龄(32.6±10.2)岁,其中护师2例(12.5%),护士4例(25.0%),技师3例(18.8%),临时聘用人员6例(37.5%),实习生1例(6.2%)。职业暴露方式以锐器损伤(62.5%)为主,其次为皮肤破损黏膜接触乙型肝炎患者血液污染物品(25.0%)及污染物溅到眼睛2例(12.5%)。操作过程中未戴手套、护目镜为主要暴露原因。职业暴露后给予局部冲洗、消毒,乙型肝炎疫苗或免疫球蛋白注射,16例暴露者监测6个月内均未出现乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性,未发生乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染。结论对内镜诊疗中心工作人员应强化乙型肝炎职业防护培训,严格操作规程,减少职业暴露的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the characteristics and preventive measures of occupational exposure to hepatitis B in staff of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment center. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 16 workers who were exposed to hepatitis B in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment center, and their general situation was analyzed, including age, sex and professional title category. Causes and methods of occupational exposure, including sharp prick, damaged mucous membrane contact, contaminants splashed into the eye; post-occupational exposure treatment. Results the average age of 16 patients with occupational exposure to hepatitis B was (32.6 卤10.2) years old, including 2 nurses (12.5%), 4 nurses (25.0%), 3 technicians (18.8%), 6 temporary hires (37.5%). One intern (6.2%). The main occupational exposure mode was sharp instrument injury (62.5%), followed by skin damage and mucosal contact with blood contamination in hepatitis B patients (25.0%) and splash of pollutants into eyes in 2 cases (12.5%). No gloves are worn during operation, and goggles are the main reason for exposure. After occupational exposure, local washing, disinfection, hepatitis B vaccine or immunoglobulin injection were performed. There was no hepatitis B surface antigen positive and no hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection occurred in 16 exposed patients within 6 months. Conclusion the staff of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment center should strengthen the training of occupational protection against hepatitis B, strictly operate rules and reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure.
【作者单位】：海南医学院第一附属医院内镜诊疗中心;海南医学院第一附属医院护理部;海口市人民医院消化内镜室;
【分类号】：R512.62

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