2011-2015年济南市人间布鲁氏菌病监测资料分析

发布时间：2019-04-27 21:42

【摘要】：目的了解济南市布病的流行病学特征,为有针对性地制定科学的防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对济南市布病疫情数据和流行病学调查数据进行分析。结果 2011-2015年,济南市累计报告布病病例789例,无死亡病例,年均发病率为2.27/10万,发病呈现明显的上升趋势(r=0.96,P0.001)。发病集中在商河县(186例)、章丘市(182例)和历城区(160例)。每月均有病例报告,3-7月发病588例,占74.52%。男女性别发病数比为2.64∶1;40~64岁年龄段发病507例,占64.26%;农民发病698例,占88.47%。病例的主要临床表现为发热(86.19%)、乏力(75.52%)、多汗(65.38%)和肌肉关节酸痛(62.24%)等,肝脾肿大和睾丸肿大的发生率较低。病例中从事牛羊养殖屠宰和皮毛加工者486例,占84.97%,有明确牛羊肉和生奶食用史且无牛羊接触史者26例,占4.55%。6.79%的病例工作时有个人防护,17.47%的病例对牲畜圈舍进行消毒处理,1.61%的病例对牲畜粪便进行无害化处理。肝脾肿大病例的确诊时间中位数(31天)要长于无肿大者(17天)。牛羊养殖屠宰等高危人群的布鲁氏菌感染率为2.94%。结论济南市布病发病呈现快速上升趋势,发病有明显季节性和人群特征,高危人群的个人防护意识亟需加强。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Jinan and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of brucellosis. Methods epidemic data and epidemiological investigation data of brucellosis in Jinan were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results from 2011 to 2015, a total of 789 cases of brucellosis were reported in Jinan. There were no death cases. The average annual incidence rate was 2.27 / 100000. The incidence of brucellosis showed an obvious upward trend (r = 0.96, P 0.001). The incidence was concentrated in Shanghe County (186 cases), Zhangqiu City (182 cases) and Licheng District (160 cases). From March to July, 588 cases (74.52%) were reported. There were 507 cases (64.26%) in the 64-year-old age group and 698 cases (88.47%) in the farmers. The main clinical manifestations were fever (86.19%), fatigue (75.52%), hyperhidrosis (65.38%) and arthralgia (62.24%). The incidence of hepatosplenomegaly and testicular enlargement was low. Of these cases, 486 (84.97%) were engaged in slaughtering and fur processing of cattle and sheep, 26 cases (4.55%) had a clear history of consumption of beef, mutton and raw milk, and no history of exposure to cattle and sheep, accounting for 4.55%. 6.79% of cases had personal protection at work. 17.47% of the cases were sterilized and 1.61% of the cases were treated innocuously. The median time of diagnosis of hepatosplenomegaly (31 days) was longer than that of non-enlargement (17 days). The infection rate of brucellosis was 2.94% in the high-risk population such as cattle and sheep breeding and slaughtering. Conclusion the incidence of brucellosis in Jinan is increasing rapidly. The incidence of brucellosis has obvious seasonal and population characteristics, and the awareness of personal protection in high-risk population needs to be strengthened.
【作者单位】：济南市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R516.7;R181.3

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