日粮添加苦荞提取物对绵羊肌肉抗氧化及性腺轴相关基因表达的影响

发布时间：2017-12-31 11:00

本文关键词：日粮添加苦荞提取物对绵羊肌肉抗氧化及性腺轴相关基因表达的影响　出处：《山西农业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：苦荞,是一种不可多得的药食两用作物。近年来的研究发现,苦荞可以作为一种很好的饲料作物,它的秸秆、籽粒、皮壳、青贮等都可以用来饲喂畜禽。苦荞中的主要功能性成分是其体内含量丰富的黄酮类化合物,它赋予了苦荞多种生理功能：抗氧化和清除自由基、抗心脑血管疾病、抑菌及雌激素作用等。目前,苦荞在畜牧生产中的应用前景已经得到广泛地关注。因此,本试验主要探究日粮中添加苦荞提取物对绵羊机体抗氧化及下丘脑-垂体-卵巢性腺轴的影响,旨在为今后苦荞在肉羊生产中的应用提供理论依据。试验选取24只5月龄、体重25kg左右的杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交母绵羊作为研究对象,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,将试验绵羊分为4个组,每组6只,混合饲养,均能自由活动。试验基础日粮相同,将苦荞提取物(40%黄酮)按不同的比例添加到日粮中后,制成全混合颗粒饲料。苦荞提取物的添加量分为四个梯度：0 g/kg(对照组)、1 g/kg(试验组Ⅰ)、5 g/kg(试验组Ⅱ)、20 g/kg(试验组Ⅲ)。试验共进行90天,其中预饲期10天,正试期80天。饲养试验结束后,屠宰取样,主要进行了绵羊背最长肌(LD)抗氧化相关基因及蛋白相对表达量、下丘脑-垂体-卵巢性腺轴相关基因表达量的测定。得到如下主要结果：(1)日粮中添加苦荞提取物后,试验绵羊的末重、平均日增重均有上升趋势,其中试验组Ⅱ为增重最高的一组。此外,试验组Ⅲ的净肉重、胴体重、屠宰率与对照组相比均显著升高(P0.05)。(2)日粮中添加苦荞提取物后,试验组Ⅰ绵羊LD的总抗氧化能力T-AOC显著提高(P0.05),试验组Ⅲ绵羊LD中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶GSH-PX活力显著上升(P0.05),脂质过氧化产物丙二醛MDA含量显著降低(P0.05)。与此同时,试验组Ⅱ绵羊LD中CuZn-SOD基因的相对表达量显著升高(P0.05),CuZn-SOD蛋白的相对表达量极显著升高(P0.01)。试验组I绵羊LD中GPX-4蛋白表达量显著升高(P0.05)。(3)日粮中添加苦荞提取物后,试验组绵羊的子宫、卵巢系数和血清中雌二醇含量均没有出现显著差异,但试验组I绵羊下丘脑GnRH基因相对表达量极显著的增加(P0.01),试验组Ⅱ绵羊卵巢LHR基因的相对表达量极显著增加(P0.01)。综上所述,在本试验的添加量范围内,苦荞提取物可以看作是一种很好的饲料添加物。
[Abstract]:Buckwheat, is a rare edible crop. The study found that in recent years, buckwheat can be used as a good forage crop, its grain, straw, husk, silage and so can be used to feed the livestock and poultry. The main function of the composition in tartary buckwheat flavonoids are rich in content, it gives the physiological functions of buckwheat: antioxidant and free radical scavenging, anti cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, antibacterial and estrogenic effect. At present, application prospect of buckwheat in animal husbandry has been widely concerned. Therefore, this experiment is mainly to explore the effect of dietary addition of Tartary Buckwheat extracts on ovarian axis and hypothalamic pituitary - sheep body antioxidant and, in order to provide theoretical basis for future application of buckwheat in sheep production. The experiment selects 24 May old, weighing about 25kg Dorper * Small Tail Han sheep sheep as research object, By a single factor completely randomized experiment, the experimental sheep were divided into 4 groups, 6 rats in each group, mixed feeding, were able to move freely. Test the basic diet is the same, the tartary buckwheat extracts (40% flavonoids) according to different proportion was added to the diets, made of total mixed pellet. Addition of bitter buckwheat extract divided into four gradients: 0 g/kg (control group), 1 g/kg (group I), 5 g/kg (experimental group), 20 g/kg (Group III). The experiment lasted for 90 days, the pre feeding period of 10 days, during the period of 80 days. At the end of the feeding trial, slaughtered mainly, the sheep longissimus muscle (LD) relative expression of antioxidant related genes and proteins, the hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis gene expression were measured. The main results are as follows: (1) dietary supplementation of Tartary Buckwheat extracts after the test at the end of the sheep weight, average daily gain increased. The experimental group for weight gain One group was the highest. In addition, the test group III net meat weight, carcass weight, slaughter rate compared with the control group increased significantly (P0.05). (2) added to the diet of Tartary Buckwheat extracts, test group I sheep LD T-AOC significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (P0.05), increased significantly in experimental group III sheep LD Nakatani Ka, peroxidase activity of GSH-PX (P0.05), lipid peroxidation product MDA content significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (P0.05). At the same time, the relative expression of CuZn-SOD gene in sheep LD experimental group increased significantly (P0.05), CuZn-SOD protein relative expression increased significantly (P0.01). The test group GPX-4 protein expression significantly increased I in sheep LD (P0.05). (3) added to the diet of Tartary Buckwheat extracts, experimental group of sheep uterus, estradiol content had no significant difference in serum and ovarian coefficient, but the test group I sheep hypothalamus GnRH gene expression significantly (P0.01), the relative expression of LHR gene in sheep group increased significantly (P0.01). In conclusion, in the range of this test, buckwheat extract can be regarded as a good feed additive.

【学位授予单位】：山西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S826.5

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