中世纪英国绵羊饲养中的影响因素论析

发布时间：2018-01-21 01:02

本文关键词： 中世纪英国绵羊饲养影响因素　出处：《中国农史》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：绵羊是人类最早驯化的牲畜之一,中世纪英国曾大规模饲养。最初绵羊为耕地提供粪肥,其自身的羊肉、羊奶、羊毛和毛皮也能为饲养者提供部分生活必需品。之后随着市场的勃兴,绵羊的商业价值显现,进而被大规模饲养。中世纪英国绵羊的饲养受到多种因素的影响,如繁殖与饲养中的挑选淘汰、饲料供给与羊圈的修建、疾病的医治与预防、劳动力的投入与管理的精细组织以及市场需求的变化等等。领主和中等以上农户注意到了上述影响因素并采取了相应举措,故保证绵羊得到了较好的饲养。
[Abstract]:Sheep were one of the earliest domesticated animals in the Middle Ages, and they were raised in large scale in England in the Middle Ages. At first, sheep provided manure for cultivated land, and their own mutton and goat's milk. Wool and fur can also provide a part of the daily necessities for the breeders. As the market flourished, the commercial value of sheep became apparent and then was raised on a large scale. Many factors influenced the breeding of medieval English sheep. Such as breeding and breeding in the selection of elimination, feed supply and the construction of sheep flocks, disease treatment and prevention. The fine organization of labor force input and management as well as the change of market demand etc. The lord and the peasant household above the middle level have noticed the above factors and taken the corresponding measures so as to ensure the sheep to be better raised.
【作者单位】：河南师范大学历史文化学院;天津师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金项目“中世纪英国货币制度研究(973-1485)”(2016M600191)
【分类号】：S826
【正文快照】： 畜牧业经济是乡村经济不可或缺的重要组成部分,但与谷物种植相比,中世纪英国的畜牧业却较少受到关注。以M.M.波斯坦为代表的英国学者认为,中世纪英国畜牧业的发展水平较低,而且多采取“粗放式”的管理1。事实上并非如此,牲畜的饲养最初是为农业生产提供挽力和获得部分生活必需

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