不同来源淀粉对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性能及其肉品质的影响

发布时间：2018-01-23 22:07

本文关键词： 育肥猪淀粉生长性能胴体性能肉品质　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：淀粉是谷物类饲料碳水化合物的主要成分,也是动物体所需能量的主要来源,占养殖生产成本的50%以上。但研究表明,淀粉由于来源、组成及结构不同,其在动物体内消化的速度和部位存在差异,且能量供应方式也不同,因而它们的供能效率也不同。本试验旨在研究不同来源淀粉对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性能及其肉品质的影响。选取15头健康的PIC育肥猪,随机分成3个组,每组5个重复;第1组饲喂玉米淀粉作为对照组,2组饲喂添加50%土豆淀粉,3组饲喂糯米淀粉的日粮,饲养期3个月。测定结果如下:1、生长性能:试验全期,玉米淀粉组料重比为2.84±0.07,显著低于土豆淀粉组、糯米淀粉组(P0.05);玉米淀粉组平均日增重为890.00±50.00 g,显著高于土豆淀粉组、糯米淀粉组(P0.05);平均日采食量,三个处理均无显著差异(P0.05)。2、胴体性能:与玉米淀粉组相比,土豆淀粉组显著降低了体斜长和脂肪率(P0.05),显著提高了瘦肉率(P0.05),且极显著降低了皮率(P0.01);糯米淀粉组显著降低了眼肌面积(P0.05),极显著提高了骨骼率(P0.01),显著降低了皮率(P0.05)。土豆淀粉组的心脏重和肝脏重极显著低于玉米淀粉组和糯米淀粉组(P0.01),玉米淀粉组的脾脏重显著低于土豆和糯米淀粉组(P0.05)。3、肉品质:土豆淀粉组的剪切力极显著低于玉米和糯米淀粉组(P0.01),且熟肉率显著高于糯米淀粉组(P0.05);糯米淀粉组的肌内脂肪含量显著低于玉米淀粉组(P0.05),油酸含量显著高于玉米和土豆淀粉组(P0.05),土豆淀粉组的多不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著高于玉米和糯米淀粉组(P0.05)。综上所述,育肥猪饲喂玉米淀粉生长性能最佳。玉米淀粉利于脂肪沉积,土豆淀粉利于肌肉发育,糯米淀粉利于骨骼生长;土豆淀粉降低了心脏和肝脏重量;土豆淀粉可以改善动物体肉品质。
[Abstract]:Starch is the main component of carbohydrates in cereals and the main source of energy needed by animals and animals, which accounts for more than 50% of the production cost. However, the research shows that starch is different in composition and structure due to its source. There are differences in digestion speed and position in animals, and their energy supply modes are also different, so their energy supply efficiency is also different. The purpose of this study was to study the growth performance of different starch sources on growing and fattening pigs. 15 healthy PIC fattening pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates in each group. The first group was fed with corn starch as the control group and the second group was fed the diet supplemented with 50% potato starch. The feeding period was 3 months. The results were as follows: 1. Growth performance: the whole period of the experiment. The feed weight ratio of corn starch group was 2.84 卤0.07, which was significantly lower than that of potato starch group and glutinous rice starch group (P 0.05). The average daily gain of corn starch group was 890.00 卤50.00 g, which was significantly higher than that of potato starch group and glutinous rice starch group (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in average daily feed intake among the three treatments. Carcass performance: compared with corn starch group, potato starch group significantly decreased body oblique length and fat rate (P 0.05). The lean meat percentage was significantly increased (P 0.05), and the skin percentage was significantly decreased (P 0.01). Glutinous rice starch group significantly decreased the eye muscle area (P0.05), and significantly increased the bone rate (P0.01). The heart weight and liver weight of potato starch group were significantly lower than that of corn starch group and glutinous rice starch group (P 0.01). The spleen weight of corn starch group was significantly lower than that of potato and glutinous rice starch group, and the meat quality: the shear force of potato starch group was significantly lower than that of corn and glutinous rice starch group (P 0.01). The cooked meat rate was significantly higher than that of glutinous rice starch group (P 0.05). The content of intramuscular fat in glutinous rice starch group was significantly lower than that in corn starch group, and the content of oleic acid in glutinous rice starch group was significantly higher than that in corn and potato starch group (P 0.05). The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in potato starch group was significantly higher than that in corn and glutinous rice starch group. Potato starch is good for muscle development, glutinous rice starch is good for bone growth; Potato starch reduced the weight of the heart and liver; Potato starch can improve the meat quality of animals.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5

【参考文献】