规模化奶牛场DHI测定结果的分析研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 16:11

本文关键词： 奶牛 DHI 规模化牛场牛奶品质　出处：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：奶牛生产性能测定技术已经被奶业界公认为一项成熟而先进的技术,也叫奶牛群体改良体系,它是对奶牛乳成分和奶牛泌乳性能的测定。体细胞数是DHI分析中最重要的指标之一,用它可以直接测量牛奶质量和奶牛乳房健康状况。基于不同规模奶牛DHI分析结果的实验,为了提高原料奶的质量,降低体细胞数,一个政策的基础上提高经济效益。本研究的目的是在分析牛场类型、品种、年份、季节、月份、胎次、日产奶量对奶牛乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、总固体和体细胞评分(SCS)的影响。试验收集了37个牛场2008年~2014年245806条DHI测定数据和88946条牛只档案记录。通过对样本进行SAS8.1最小二乘方差分析和SPSS16.0性状相关性分析,结果显示,牛场类型效应、品种效应、年份效应、月份效应、胎次效应以及日产奶量效应分别对乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、总固体和体细胞评分均有极显著影响(P0.01);季节效应对乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、体细胞评分均有极显著影响(P0.01),季节效应对总固体无显著影响(P0.05)。乳脂率、乳蛋白率、总固体和体细胞评分四个性状相互之间的相关水平为正相关。乳糖率与乳脂率、乳蛋白率和体细胞评分之间的相关水平为负相关。由此可知,我们可以通过对每个月DHI测定数据的分析,加深对影响乳脂率、乳蛋白率和体细胞评分因素的认识,及时调整饲料配方,加强饲养管理,提高群体产奶量、预防和降低乳房炎的发生,减少不必要因素对乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、总固体和体细胞评分的影响,从而减少乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、总固体和体细胞评分相互之间的影响,进而达到提高牛奶品质的目的。
[Abstract]:Dairy cow production performance measurement technology has been recognized as a mature and advanced technology, also known as cow group improvement system. It is the determination of milk composition and lactation performance of dairy cows, and the number of somatic cells is one of the most important indexes in DHI analysis. It can be used to directly measure milk quality and breast health status of dairy cows. Based on the results of DHI analysis of dairy cows of different sizes, in order to improve the quality of raw milk and reduce the number of somatic cells. The purpose of this study was to analyze the milk fat rate, milk protein rate and lactose rate of dairy cows by analyzing the type, variety, year, season, month, birth order and daily milk yield of dairy cattle. Total solid and somatic cell score (SCS). 245806 DHI data and 88946 cattle records were collected from 37 cattle farms from 2008 to 2014. SAS8.1 least-squares method was performed on the samples. Variance analysis and SPSS16.0 trait correlation analysis. The results showed that the dairy type effect, variety effect, year effect, month effect, birth order effect and daily milk yield effect on milk fat rate, milk protein rate and lactose rate, respectively. The scores of total solid and somatic cells were significantly affected by P0.01; The seasonal effects on milk fat percentage, milk protein rate, lactose rate and somatic cell score were significant, but the seasonal effect had no significant effect on the total solid state. The correlation level between the four traits of total solid and somatic score was positive correlation, and the correlation level between lactose rate and milk fat rate, milk protein rate and somatic cell score was negative. Through the analysis of the monthly DHI data, we can deepen the understanding of the factors affecting milk fat rate, milk protein rate and somatic cell score, adjust the feed formula in time, strengthen the feeding management, and improve the milk production of the population. To prevent and reduce the occurrence of mastitis, reduce the unnecessary factors on the milk fat rate, milk protein rate, lactose rate, total solid and somatic cell score, thereby reducing the milk fat rate, milk protein rate, lactose rate. The effect of total solid and somatic score on milk quality was achieved.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823

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