酶解血粉的单因素和响应面条件的优化

发布时间：2018-01-27 02:00

  本文关键词： 酶解血粉 底物浓度 酶解　出处：《饲料工业》2017年15期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：动物血液是资源丰富、非常具有开发价值的蛋白类饲料原料,因此开发和利用血液资源可解决饲料资源短缺的问题,且减轻血液排放对环境造成的有机污染。但是血粉的消化率差、血腥味和颜色深导致无法大量使用以及氨基酸含量不平衡等问题,且其含有的血腥味导致了其适口性差。目前,普遍使用的加工处理方法仍然无法解决血粉使用过程中存在的问题。加强对畜禽血液资源的精深加工和综合利用,继而研发出安全、营养、价廉的优质血粉产品对我国畜牧行业的可持续发展具有深远影响和重大意义。基于生物技术的发展和酶制剂生产的进步,酶解处理是一种很有潜力的处理血粉的方法,有可能更有效地解决血粉使用过程中遇到的消化率低、适口性差等问题。酶解处理可以改善血粉的营养特性,提高血粉的营养价值。酶解处理可以增加血粉中的游离氨基酸的含量。酶解处理可以改变血粉蛋白结构特性(分子质量变化和二级结构变化),提高血粉的可消化物质的含量。由于酶受到底物种类、底物浓度、酶添加量、p H值、温度、酶解时间的影响,因此每个蛋白酶都必须探讨其对某种特定的蛋白底物的作用条件。本实验首先筛选出最好的碱性蛋白酶,通过单因素实验找到最优的工艺条件,再通过响应面实验筛选出最佳的条件。结果表明,酶解血粉的最优条件为:底物浓度为41.44 mg/ml,温度为45℃,酶/底物比(E/S,酶添加量)为0.803 4,酶解时间为14 h,此时水解度达到了16.39%。
[Abstract]:Animal blood is a kind of protein feed raw material which is rich in resources and very valuable for development. Therefore, the development and utilization of blood resources can solve the problem of feed resources shortage. But the poor digestibility of blood meal, the dark smell and color of blood lead to the unbalance of amino acid content and so on. At present, the commonly used processing methods still can not solve the problems existing in the process of blood powder use, and strengthen the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of blood resources of livestock and poultry. Therefore, the development of high quality blood powder products with safety, nutrition and low price has far-reaching influence and great significance to the sustainable development of livestock industry in China. Based on the development of biotechnology and the progress of enzyme production. Enzymatic hydrolysis is a potential method for the treatment of blood powder, which may solve the problems of low digestibility and poor palatability encountered in the process of blood meal use, etc. Enzymatic hydrolysis treatment can improve the nutritional characteristics of blood meal. The content of free amino acids in blood meal could be increased by enzymatic hydrolysis, and the protein structure (molecular weight and secondary structure change) could be changed by enzymatic hydrolysis. To increase the content of digestible substances in blood powder. The enzyme was affected by substrate type, substrate concentration, enzyme addition amount and pH value, temperature and enzymatic hydrolysis time. Therefore, each protease must explore its action conditions on a specific protein substrate. In this experiment, the best alkaline protease was first screened out, and the optimal process conditions were found by single factor experiment. The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: substrate concentration 41.44 mg / ml, temperature 45 鈩，

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