鲁中南地区规模化羊场流行病学调查和溶血性曼氏杆菌灭活苗的研制

发布时间：2018-01-29 05:19

本文关键词： 规模化羊场流行病学病原菌分离鉴定免疫佐剂疫苗　出处：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近几年来,羊肉价格持续攀升,激发了人们的养羊热情,农区养羊户和羊场不断增多,羊场规模也不断增大。但是,羊场的管理水平和疫病防控意识相对滞后,加上羊只买卖交易频率增大,疫病的威胁也越来越大,部分羊场的疫病始终难以得到有效控制。2014年,在枣庄市山亭区、市中区、峄城区、滕州市以及莱芜市等鲁中南地区的多个规模化羊场出现以呼吸道症状为主的传染性疫病,给养羊户带来很大的经济损失。此次疫病发病急促,死亡率高,伴有体温升高、呼吸困难等症状,剖检肺部有明显的病变,但致病原因不详。为探明病原,寻找科学合理的防治措施进行了本研究。本研究对多个规模化羊场进行了流行病学调查,分析了疫病流行的基本规律。对采集的75头份典型病料进行了实验室检测,从中分离出4种主要病原菌,通过分离培养、菌落染色观察、染色镜检、初步确定了主要的致病菌为链球菌、葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和溶血性曼氏杆菌。对4种病原菌进行了生化试验、药敏试验、小鼠功毒试验以及细菌的16SrRNA序列测定等试验,通过实验结果的分析,再次确认了4致病菌,其中溶血性曼氏杆菌的致病性和致死性最强。为了找到有效的防控措施,在对发病规律、可能的致病因子分析等基础上,结合本实验室的研究进展及成果,尝试研制泰山松花粉多糖作为佐剂的灭活苗和白油为佐剂灭活苗。通过疫苗的安全性试验,动物保护性试验以及血清中抗体效价水平、白介素-4、CD4+、CD8+等的检测,结果发现:泰山松花粉多糖佐剂灭活苗和白油灭活苗均有一定的免疫原性及免疫保护力。其中,泰山松花粉多糖佐剂疫苗免疫效果更好,对小鼠的保护率可达到70%,更适于临床疫病的防治。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the mutton price continues to rise, which has aroused people's enthusiasm for sheep raising. The number of sheep farmers and sheep farms in agricultural areas is increasing, and the scale of sheep farms is also increasing. However, the management level of sheep farms and the awareness of disease prevention and control are relatively lagging behind. In addition, with the increase of sheep trading frequency, the threat of epidemic disease is growing, some sheep farms are always difficult to effectively control the epidemic. 2014, in Zaozhuang Shanting District, Central District, Yicheng District. In Tengzhou City and Laiwu City, many large-scale sheep farms in the central and southern regions of Shandong Province have been infected with infectious blight mainly with respiratory symptoms, which has brought great economic losses to sheep farmers. The disease has a rapid onset and a high mortality rate. Accompanied by hyperthermia, dyspnea and other symptoms, there are obvious pathological changes in the lungs, but the cause of the disease is unknown. This study was carried out in order to find scientific and reasonable control measures. Epidemiological investigation was carried out on many large-scale sheep farms. In this paper, the basic laws of epidemic were analyzed, and 75 samples of typical diseases were tested in laboratory. Four kinds of main pathogens were isolated from the samples, which were isolated and cultured, observed by colony staining, and stained by microscope. The main pathogenic bacteria were Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli and Manella haemolyticus. Through the analysis of the experimental results, the 4 pathogenic bacteria were confirmed again by the experiments such as mouse toxicity test and 16s rRNA sequencing of bacteria. In order to find the effective prevention and control measures, on the basis of the analysis of the disease law and possible pathogenic factors, combined with the research progress and results of our laboratory. The inactivated vaccine of pine pollen polysaccharide as adjuvant and the inactivated vaccine with white oil as adjuvant were studied. The results of CD8 et al showed that the inactivated vaccine and white oil inactivated vaccine had certain immunogenicity and immune protection, among which, Taishan pine pollen polysaccharide adjuvant vaccine had better immunogenicity. The protective rate of mice can reach 70%, which is more suitable for the prevention and treatment of clinical blight.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.26

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