苜蓿皂甙对小尾寒羊生产性能、血清生化指标及免疫功能的影响

发布时间：2018-02-24 07:42

本文关键词： 苜蓿皂甙小尾寒羊生产性能血清生化指标免疫功能　出处：《河南科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：苜蓿皂甙是一种从苜蓿全草中提取得到的活性物质,现有研究表明其对人及畜禽均具有多种生物学活性,如降低胆固醇、抗氧化、提高免疫力及降血糖等,但目前尚无苜蓿皂甙在小尾寒羊体内应用的相关报道。因此本文以河南小尾寒羊为试验动物,开展了苜蓿皂甙对其生产性能、血清生化指标及免疫功能影响的研究。试验中选用20头健康河南小尾寒羊,随机均分为4组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2和3组则分别在基础日粮的基础上添加5、10和20g/kg的苜蓿皂甙,持续饲喂40天,饲喂前后及饲喂过程中记录每组小尾寒羊体重的变化情况,考察苜蓿皂甙对小尾寒羊生产性能的影响;同时采集血清样品,检测19项生化指标及9种免疫因子的浓度。在饲喂期完全结束之后,宰杀每组小尾寒羊,采集其脾脏、心脏、肝脏、肺脏及全肾,计算器官指数,同时采集每只小尾寒羊的背最长肌,比较苜蓿皂甙对羊肉品质的影响。对不同处理组间小尾寒羊的生产性能、肉品质、血清生化指标、免疫因子浓度及器官指数进行单因素方差分析,差别显著者,利用LSD法或Duncan法进行多重比较。结果:(1)试验2组小尾寒羊的平均日增重明显大于(P0.05)对照组和试验3组,但与试验1组相比差异不显著(P0.05),同时试验2组中小尾寒羊背最长肌的滴水损失、蒸煮损失和剪切力显著降低(P0.05),说明苜蓿皂甙能够影响小尾寒羊的生产性能、改善羊肉品质,且日粮中以10g/kg的添加剂量为最佳;(2)在日粮中添加苜蓿皂甙后,小尾寒羊血清生化指标中的谷丙转氨酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮、肌酐、血糖、甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、肌酸激酶和碱性磷酸酶等均会受到影响,且饲喂时间不同时苜蓿皂甙对这些生化指标的影响存在差异:短时间内(持续饲喂14天),不同添加浓度的苜蓿皂甙均会在一定程度上降低小尾寒羊血清中胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白含量,但随着饲喂时间的延长,苜蓿皂甙的该作用反而变得不明显,甚至消失。此外,10g/kg添加浓度的苜蓿皂甙能够降低小尾寒羊血清中谷丙转氨酶的浓度,具有一定的保肝作用。(3)苜蓿皂甙能够提高小尾寒羊血清中Ig A、IgG、IgE、IgM、IL-1、IFN-α和IFN-β的浓度,且试验2和3组中该作用表现明显,此外不同添加水平的苜蓿皂甙均能显著提高小尾寒羊的脾脏指数。(4)在日粮中添加10g/kg的苜蓿皂甙,持续饲喂14天,能够有效降低小尾寒羊血清中的胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白含量,并显著提高其血清中的免疫因子水平。结论:苜蓿皂甙对小尾寒羊的生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及免疫功能II均会产生影响,且在日粮中以10g/kg的添加量持续饲喂14天为佳。
[Abstract]:Alfalfa saponin is a kind of active substance extracted from alfalfa. Current studies show that alfalfa saponins have many biological activities, such as lowering cholesterol, antioxidation, improving immunity and lowering blood sugar, etc. However, there is no report on the application of alfalfa saponins in small tail Han sheep. 20 healthy Henan small tail Han sheep were randomly divided into 4 groups. The control group was fed with basal diet. In experiment 1, group 2 and group 3 were fed with alfalfa saponins of 5 10 g / kg and 20 g / kg on the basis of basal diet for 40 days respectively. The changes of body weight of each group were recorded before and after feeding and during feeding. The effects of alfalfa saponins on the production performance of small tail Han sheep were investigated, the serum samples were collected and the concentrations of 19 biochemical indexes and 9 kinds of immune factors were detected. After the feeding period was complete, each group of small tail Han sheep was slaughtered, and their spleen and heart were collected. Liver, lung and whole kidney, organ index were calculated, and the longissimus dorsi muscle of each small tail Han sheep was collected at the same time. The effect of alfalfa saponin on the quality of mutton was compared. The production performance, meat quality and serum biochemical index of small tail Han sheep were compared among different treatment groups. The concentration of immune factor and organ index were analyzed by single factor ANOVA. The results showed that the average daily gain of small tail Han sheep in two groups was significantly higher than that in control group and test group 3. The results showed that the average daily gain of small tail Han sheep was significantly higher than that of control group and test group 3. But there was no significant difference between group 1 and group 1 (P 0.05). At the same time, the drop loss, cooking loss and shear stress of the longissimus dorsi muscle of the middle and small tail Han sheep decreased significantly in the second group, which indicated that alfalfa saponin could affect the production performance of small tail Han sheep and improve the quality of mutton. When alfalfa saponins were added to the diet, alanine aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, creatinine, blood glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol in serum of small tail Han sheep were determined. Low density lipoprotein, creatine kinase and alkaline phosphatase are all affected. The effects of alfalfa saponins on these biochemical indexes were different in different feeding time: in a short time (14 days of continuous feeding), alfalfa saponins of different concentrations could reduce cholesterol in serum of small tail Han sheep to a certain extent. And low density lipoprotein, However, with the prolongation of feeding time, the effect of alfalfa saponin was not obvious or even disappeared. In addition, 10 g / kg alfalfa saponin could decrease the concentration of alfalfa saponin in serum of small tail Han sheep. Alfalfa saponins could increase the concentration of IgMIL-1IFN- 伪 and IFN- 尾 in serum of small tail Han sheep. In addition, different levels of alfalfa saponins could significantly increase the spleen index of small tail Han sheep. The addition of 10 g / kg alfalfa saponin to the diet for 14 days could effectively reduce the cholesterol and low density lipoprotein content in the serum of small tail Han sheep. Conclusion: alfalfa saponin can affect the growth performance, meat quality, serum biochemical index and immune function II of small tail Han sheep. 10 g / kg was added to the diet for 14 days.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826.5

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