不同钙、磷水平日粮对11～14月龄奶水牛生长性能、养分消化率和血液指标的影响

发布时间：2018-03-03 17:31

本文选题：11～14月龄生长奶水牛　切入点：钙　出处：《广西大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究饲喂不同钙、磷水平日粮对11～14月龄生长奶水牛生长性能、各营养物质表观消化率以及相关血液指标的影响,为建立生长奶水牛的饲养标准提供科学依据。试验一：选取28头11-14月龄体重相近的生长期健康奶水牛,随机分为4组,每组7头,试验1、2、3、4组分别饲喂精料钙含量为0.35%、0.8%、1.25%、1.7%的试验饲粮,饲养试验52天,其中预饲期10d,正式期42d,正式期最后4天进行消化代谢试验,正式期分别于第1d、36d清晨空腹测定11-14月龄奶水牛的生长发育指标,并采集血液样品进行分析。试验结果表明：(1)不同钙水平日粮对11-14月龄生长奶水牛干物质采食量影响差异显著(P0.05),试验3组奶水牛的干物质采食量显著高于试验4组；对试牛平均日增重和料重比影响差异不显著(P0.05),试验1、2、3、4组生长牛平均日增重分别为703.49g/d、648.84 g/d、741.86 g/d、 693.02 g/d,第3组平均日增重最高。(2)日粮不同钙水平对11-14月龄奶水牛日粮干物质、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率影响差异不显著(P0.05),但对钙、磷表观消化率影响极显著(P0.01),试验2组钙的表观消化率为37.89%为最高,并显著高于试验4组；试验2组磷的表观消化率为44.74%显著高于试验3、4组。(3)随着日粮钙水平的升高,奶水牛粪钙、尿钙的浓度及排泄量极显著升高(P0.01),但对血钙的浓度的影响差异不显著(P0.05)。(4)饲喂不同钙水平的日粮,对11～14月龄生长期奶水牛血液碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素、降骨钙素水平的影响差异不显著(P0.05),但随着饲粮中钙水平的升高,血液中碱性磷酸酶活性增强；不同钙水平对11-14月龄生长期奶水牛血液甲状旁腺素、25羟基维生素D含量影响差异显著(P0.05)；随着日粮中钙水平的升高,血液中的甲状旁腺素水平和25羟基维生素D含量降低,其中试验4组显著低于试验1组(P0.05)。试验二：选体重相近的24头11-14月龄生长期健康奶水牛,随机分成4组,每组6头。试验1、2、3、4组日粮磷分别占精料的量0.5%、0.75%、1.00%、1.25%。饲养试验52天,其中预饲期10d,正试期42d,最后4天进行消化代谢试验,正式期分别于第1d、36d清晨空腹测定11-14月龄奶水牛的生长发育指标并采血。试验结果表明：(1)不同磷水平日粮对11-14月龄生长奶水牛干物质采食量、平均日增重的影响差异不显著(P0.05),试验1、2、3、4组生长牛平均日增重分别为342.11g/d、444.74 g/d、486.84 g/d /471.49g/d,第3组试验牛的平均日增重最高；但对试牛料重比的影响差异显著(P0.05),试验1组料重比显著低于其他三组。(2)日粮不同磷水平对11-14月龄奶水牛日粮干物质、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率影响差异显著(P0.05)；对磷的表观消化率影响差异极显著(P0.01),试验3组奶水牛磷的表观消化率为58.00%最高；但对钙的表观消化率影响差异不显著(P0.05)。(3)随着日粮磷水平的升高,对奶水牛粪磷、尿磷排泄量及其浓度的影响差异极显著(P0.01)。(4)日粮不同磷水平对日粮氮利用率的影响差异不显著(P0.05)。(5)不同磷水平的日粮对试牛血液醛固酮、甲状旁腺素、25羟基维生素D、碱性磷酸酶含量的影响差异不显著(P0.05),但对血液骨钙素、尿素氮含量影响差异显著(P0.05),随着日粮中磷水平的升高,所饲喂奶水牛血液中的骨钙素、醛固酮、尿素氮水平升高,碱性磷酸酶活性降低。(6)不同磷水平日粮对试牛血钙、血磷浓度的影响差异不显著(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:This experiment was conducted to study the feeding different levels of dietary calcium, phosphorus on growth performance of buffalo at the age of 11~14 months, the apparent digestibility of nutrients and related blood indicators, and provide scientific basis for the establishment of feeding standard growth. A buffalo test: a total of 28 at the age of 11-14 month of similar weight healthy dairy growth period Buffalo, were randomly divided into 4 groups, 7 pigs in each group, test group 1,2,3,4 were fed concentrate calcium content was 0.35%, 0.8%, 1.25%, 1.7% of the experimental diets, feeding 52 days, the pre feeding period of 10d, the official 42d, the official period of the last 4 days of digestion and metabolism experiment formal period were in the 1D 36d, fasting was measured in 11-14 month old buffalo milk growth index, blood samples were collected and analyzed. Experimental results show that: (1) different levels of dietary calcium on growth of buffalo 11-14 month dry matter intake had significant effect (P0.05), test group 3 milk Buffalo's dry matter intake was significantly higher than that in experiment group 4; of cattle daily gain and feed conversion ratio were not affected (P0.05), test group 1,2,3,4, the average daily gain of growing cattle were 703.49g/d, 648.84 g/d, 741.86 g/d, 693.02 g/d, third groups of average daily gain (2). The highest dietary the calcium level of dry matter, the 11-14 month old buffalo dietary crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility was not significant difference (P0.05), but the calcium, phosphorus digestibility significantly affected (P0.01), test group 2 calcium apparent digestibility was 37.89% the highest, and was significantly higher than that in Experiment 4 groups; experimental group 2 apparent digestibility of phosphorus was 44.74% significantly higher than that of group 3,4 (3). With the increase of dietary calcium level, milk cow calcium concentration and urinary excretion of calcium increased significantly (P0.01), but no significant effect on the concentration of serum calcium (difference (P0.05). 4) fed diets with different calcium levels, growth period of milk buffalo blood alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin in 11~14 month old, affected osteocalcin levels were not significantly different (P0.05), but with the increase in the level of dietary calcium, alkaline phosphatase activity increased in blood; different calcium level in 11-14 month old growth period milk Buffalo blood parathyroid hormone, 25 hydroxy vitamin D content significantly (P0.05); with the increase of dietary Ca levels in the blood, reduce the levels of parathyroid hormone and 25 hydroxy vitamin D content, the test group 4 was significantly lower than that of experimental group 1 (P0.05). Experiment two: 24 at the age of 11-14 month of similar weight the growth period of healthy dairy buffalo, were randomly divided into 4 groups, 6 pigs in each group. The experimental group 1,2,3,4 dietary phosphorus accounted for the amount of fine material 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%. 52 day feeding experiment, the pre feeding period of 10d, during the period of 42d, the last 4 days of digestion and metabolism experiment is Type phase respectively in 1D, 36d in plasma were measured in 11-14 month old buffalo milk growth index and blood sampling. Test results show that: (1) different dietary phosphorus levels on the growth of buffalo to 11-14 months of age, dry matter intake, average daily gain of the difference was not significant (P0.05), test group 1,2,3,4 bovine growth the average daily weight gain were 342.11g/d, 444.74 g/d, 486.84 g/d /471.49g/d, third groups of experimental cattle ADG of the highest; but the effect on tested cattle feed weight ratio had significant difference (P0.05) test, 1 group feed weight ratio was significantly lower than that of the other three groups. (2) different dietary phosphorus levels on dry matter, on 11-14 month old buffalo dietary crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility significantly difference (P0.05); the apparent phosphorus digestibility significantly difference (P0.01) test, 3 groups of buffalo apparent digestibility of phosphorus is 58% highest; but on the surface of calcium The concept of difference of digestibility was not significant (P0.05). (3) with the increase of dietary phosphorus level on milk cow dung, phosphorus, urinary excretion of phosphorus concentration and its effect was significantly different (P0.01). (4) different levels of dietary phosphorus had no significant differences in dietary nitrogen utilization effect (P0.05). (5) of dietary phosphorus level on bovine blood aldosterone, parathyroid hormone, 25 hydroxy vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase content had no significant difference (P0.05), but the effect on blood osteocalcin, urea nitrogen content had significant difference (P0.05), with the increase of phosphorus level in diets, the feeding of buffalo in the blood serum osteocalcin, aldosterone, elevated blood urea nitrogen level, the activity of alkaline phosphatase decreased. (6) of bovine serum calcium phosphorus level, blood phosphorus concentration had no significant difference (P0.05).

【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S823.5

【引证文献】