雪龙黑牛生物经济学模型的确定及育种目标最优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 18:00

本文选题：雪龙黑牛　切入点：育种目标　出处：《宁夏大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究根据雪龙黑牛(正在选育的肉牛群体,为商品名)的生产及育种状况,利用生物经济模型估计出雪龙黑牛育种目标的经济价值(经济效益之差),并在生物经济模型基础上,对影响生产效率的各个因素进行了优化分析。得到的主要结果如下：1.详细构建出了雪龙黑牛的生物经济模型,模拟出雪龙黑牛繁殖母牛养殖、育肥牛养殖、整体养殖三种养殖模式中的投入与产出。在不同养殖模式下,投入、产出及生产效益不同。其中,繁殖母牛饲养的生产投入最低,整体饲养模式下的生产投入最高。但生产效益却是整体饲养模式下最高,繁殖母牛养殖模式下最低。说明在雪龙黑牛的实际养殖系统中要注意养殖模式的选择,以获得最大的经济利益。2.利用构建的生物经济学模型,计算出雪龙黑牛不同养殖模式下,计算出雪龙黑牛的目标性状边际效益。在现行市场条件下,各目标性状的边际效益分别为：在繁殖母牛养殖模式中,初生重(BWT, kg)、断奶重(WWT, kg)、成年重(MWT, kg)、产犊间隔(CI, day)、母牛使用胎次(PL, parity)的经济价值分别为：-7.90元,3.45元,0.73元,-13.45元,-33.35元。在育肥牛养殖模式中,初生重(BWT, kg)、断奶重(WWT, kg)、成年重(MWT, kg)、育肥期日增重(DG, kg/d)、大理石纹等级(BMS, score)、眼肌面积(cma2)、背膘厚(BFT, cm)、产犊间隔(CI,day)、母牛使用胎次(PL, parity)的经济价值分别为：0.59元、-2.35元、0.09元、276.84元、73.48元、18.38元,-4.39元,-0.54元、15.44元。在整体饲养模式中,初生重(BWT, kg)、断奶重(WWT, kg)、成年重(MWT, kg)、育肥期日增重(DG, kg/d)、大理石纹等级(BMS, score)、眼肌面积(cm2)、背膘厚(BFT, cm)、产犊间隔(CI,day)、母牛使用胎次(PL, parity)的经济价值分别为：-4.32元,0.43元,0.29元,250.18元,67.37元,15.38元,-0.25元,-12.74元,-32.00元。3.不同养殖模式下,性状的选择重要性是不同的。在繁殖母牛养殖中,产犊间隔(CI)的绝对选择重要性最高为67.242%,其中生长发育类性状与繁殖性状的相对选择重要性之比为30.4：69.6,近似1：2。在育肥牛饲养模式中,在同时考虑生长发育类性状、肉质性状和繁殖性状时,三类性状的相对选择重要性分别为：14.7%,43.27%,42.02%,近似比为1：3：3；当不考虑繁殖性状时,眼肌面积和大理石花纹等级是绝对选择重要性最高的两个性状,且此时生长发育类性状与肉质性状的相对选择比例为25.4%和74.6%。在整体饲养模式下,当同时养殖繁殖母牛和育肥牛时,三类性状的相对选择重要性分别为：11.3%,32.4%和56.4%,近似比为1：3：5。说明繁殖性状对其生产效益非常重要,应予以足够的重视；当不考虑繁殖性状时,整体饲养模式下的相对选择重要性与育肥牛饲养基本相同。在以获得最大经济效益为目的的育种规划方案中应采用多性状的综合育种措施。4.饲料价格是影响雪龙黑牛养殖收益最关键的因素。
[Abstract]:According to the production and breeding status of Xuelong Black cattle (beef cattle population being selected for trade name), The economic value (the difference of economic benefit) of the breeding goal of Xuelong Black cattle was estimated by using the biological economic model, and based on the biological economic model, The main results are as follows: 1. The biological economic model of Snow Dragon Black cattle is constructed in detail, and the breeding and fattening cattle breeding of Snow Dragon Black cattle are simulated. The inputs and outputs of the three breeding modes are different in different breeding modes. Among them, the production input of breeding cows is the lowest. The production investment is the highest in the whole feeding mode, but the production benefit is the highest in the whole feeding mode and the lowest in the breeding model of breeding cows. It shows that in the actual breeding system of Xuelong Black cattle, attention should be paid to the selection of the breeding mode. In order to obtain the greatest economic benefit, the marginal benefit of the target traits of Xuelong Black cattle was calculated under different breeding models by using the established bio-economics model. Under the current market conditions, the marginal benefit of the target traits of the Xuelong Black cattle was calculated. The marginal benefits of each target trait are as follows: in the breeding model of breeding cows, The economic values of BWT, KGW, WWT, KGW, MWT, KGW, CI, daychus, and parityof cows were:: -7.90 yuan, 3.45 yuan, 0.73 yuan -13.45 yuan -33.35 yuan, respectively, in the breeding model of fattening cattle. The economic value of BWT, KGW, WWT, KG, MWT, KG, DG, KGR, BMSS, Scoreus, eye muscle area, backfat thickness BFT, Cm, calving interval, calving interval, calving interval, calving time, parity of cows were respectively 0.59 yuan -2.35 yuan / 0.09 yuan / 276.84 yuan. 73.48 yuan and 18.38 yuan -4.39 yuan and $0.54 yuan and 15.44 yuan. In the overall feeding mode, The economic value of BWT, KGW, WWT, KG, MWT, KG, DG, KGR, BMSS, Scoreus, eye muscle area, backfat thickness BFT, CMT, calving interval, calving interval, calving interval, parity of cows were respectively: -4.32 yuan 0.43 yuan 0.29 yuan / 250.18 yuan. 67.37 yuan, 15.38 yuan, 15.38 yuan, -0.25 yuan, $12.74 yuan, $12.74 yuan, $32.00 yuan, $3.3.Under different breeding modes, The importance of selection is different. In breeding cows, The absolute selection importance of CI) was the highest 67.242, and the ratio of relative selection importance of growth and development traits to reproductive traits was 30.4: 69.6, which was approximately 1: 2. In the breeding model of fattening cattle, the growth and development traits were taken into account at the same time. When meat quality traits and reproductive traits are concerned, the relative selection importance of the three types of traits is: 1: 14.7and 43.27, respectively, with an approximate ratio of 1: 3: 3. When reproductive traits are not considered, eye muscle area and marbling grade are the two traits with the highest absolute selection importance. The relative selection ratios of growth and development traits to meat quality traits were 25.4% and 74.60.In the whole feeding mode, when breeding cows and fattening cows were simultaneously cultured and fattened, The importance of relative selection for the three types of traits is 32.4% and 56.4%, respectively, and the approximate ratio is 1: 3: 5.It shows that reproductive traits are very important to their productive benefits and should be given sufficient attention; when reproductive traits are not considered, The importance of relative selection under the overall feeding model is basically the same as that of fattening cattle. In the breeding planning program for the purpose of obtaining the maximum economic benefit, a comprehensive breeding measure of multiple characters should be adopted. 4. The feed price is the influence of Xuelong. Black cattle farming income is the most critical factor.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823

【引证文献】