基于虚拟样机技术的秸秆打捆注肥机改进与设计

发布时间：2018-03-04 11:00

本文选题：秸秆打捆注肥机　切入点：机架　出处：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：秸秆打捆注肥机在打捆工作时,排料器通过链轮传动,催化剂将自动添加到秸秆中。同时排料器的位置设计在秸秆成捆之前,保证了催化剂能够均匀的添加到草捆中,避免了催化剂添加不均匀现象,缩短了草捆转化为饲料周期。在作业时添加催化剂,省去了人工成本和时间。为了解决当前秸秆打捆注肥机存在的正向设计理论缺少,本文给出了主要部件的设计与计算,以此对秸秆打捆注肥机建模、仿真、模态试验、有限元分析和优化,具体工作总结如下:对秸秆打捆注肥机的减速装置、压缩机构、注肥装置、压实装置和传动系统进行明确的理论分析与计算。根据小型秸秆压实成块所需要的压紧力和配套联合收割机给定的驱动力得出减速装置的具体尺寸,从而得到压缩机构的转速n,继而设计出传动系统的尺寸与相关参数,根据上述的计算结果进行三维绘图与装配。利用现有的模态试验方法对秸秆打捆注肥机的机架和入草口力学特性分析,通过自由支撑的方法和现有的测试软件构造了机架与机架上方的特有振型,并分析了其工作时是否能避免发生共振现象。最后根据有限元理论分析,得出理论状态下和试验测得值,验证了其固有振型的正确性。运用机构学原理,将CATIA下建立的三维模型导入到ADAMS中进行动态仿真。通过分析压缩机构的运动学和动力学特性,验证机构的合理性。运用仿真对压缩机构参数化分析与优化,以此得出了压缩机构的合适工作参数。以减速机输出轴所受到的力为优化目标,通过优化曲柄滑块结构中质心和连接点,对比优化前后优化目标结果参数,得之优化达到预设目的,获得压缩机构参数的合理配置。又通过有限元分析曲柄所受应力,得之达到满足强度条件,故该秸秆打捆注肥机能够正常并且有效工作。
[Abstract]:The catalyst is automatically added to the straw when the straws are bundled and the feeder is driven by sprocket. At the same time, the position of the feeder is designed before the straws are bundled, which ensures that the catalyst can be uniformly added to the straw bundle. It avoids the uneven addition of catalyst, shortens the conversion period of straw bundles to feed, saves the labor cost and time by adding catalyst in operation. In order to solve the lack of forward design theory of straw baling fertilizer injection machine, In this paper, the design and calculation of the main components are given, and the modeling, simulation, modal test, finite element analysis and optimization of the straw bundling and fertilizer injection machine are given. The concrete work is summarized as follows: the deceleration device, the compression mechanism of the straw bundling and fertilizer injection machine, Fertilizer injection device, compaction device and transmission system are analyzed and calculated in theory. According to the compaction force required for compaction of small straw and the driving force given by the matching combine harvester, the specific dimensions of the deceleration device are obtained. The rotational speed of the compression mechanism is obtained, and then the dimensions of the transmission system and the relevant parameters are designed. According to the above calculation results, the three-dimensional drawing and assembly are carried out. The mechanical properties of the frame and inlet of straw bundling and fertilizer injection machine are analyzed by using the existing modal test method. Through the method of free support and the existing testing software, the special vibration modes above the frame and the frame are constructed, and the resonance phenomenon is analyzed. Finally, according to the finite element theory, the resonance phenomenon can be avoided. The theoretical and experimental values are obtained to verify the correctness of the inherent modes. By using the principle of mechanism, the three-dimensional model established under CATIA is introduced into ADAMS for dynamic simulation. The kinematics and dynamic characteristics of the compression mechanism are analyzed. To verify the rationality of the mechanism, the parameterized analysis and optimization of the compression mechanism are used to obtain the proper working parameters of the compression mechanism. The optimum target is the force on the output shaft of the reducer. By optimizing the centroid and connection point of crank slider structure and comparing the optimization result parameters before and after optimization, it is obtained that the optimization achieves the preset goal and obtains the reasonable configuration of the parameters of the compression mechanism, and the stress of the crank is analyzed by finite element method. It can meet the strength condition, so the straws can work normally and effectively.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S817.115

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