反刍动物真胃左方变位B超影像分析
发布时间:2018-03-09 02:25
本文选题:真胃左方变位 切入点:B超探查 出处:《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:真胃左方变位(left displacement of abomasum,LDA)是奶牛常见疾病,不仅引起奶牛产奶量急剧下降,如治疗不及时还可造成奶牛淘汰,甚至死亡,是影响奶牛养殖业发展的重要疾病。因此,该病的早期诊断和治疗很重要。LDA的常规诊断方法主要是对左腹进行叩听诊结合的检查,判断是否有“钢管音”,该方法能直接诊断多数病例,但还需与其他几种同样能产生“钢管音”的疾病相辨别;此外,对一些示病体征不明显的病例,往往需要通过真胃穿刺、开腹探查或腹腔内窥镜等介入性诊断方法来确诊。而B超诊断仪能实时地对动物体内组织器官进行成像,只要掌握变位后的真胃声像图特征即可实现LDA体外无损诊断。因此,本研究用B超诊断仪跟踪探查了手术致小尾寒羊LDA动物模型造模前后,及LDA奶牛真胃复位手术前后左腹区域声像图的变化,旨在确定反刍动物LDA的特征性声像图,为B超诊断LDA提供依据。 体型相近未妊娠的成年雌性小尾寒羊6只,用5.0MHz线阵探头从体外经腹壁对真胃进行探查,记录真胃可探域及声像图特征,随后随机分为I、II两组,每组3只,I组进行轻度LDA造模,II组进行重度LDA造模。术后每两天一次在真胃固定点附近进行B超探查并记录结果,持续15天。结果显示,术前各实验羊在胸骨剑状突后、腹中线及近腹中线区域均可探查到真胃,声像图中真胃壁呈一较细的回声光条,难分辨,但真胃内呈不均一的中等强度回声或低回声,内有光点或光块,偶尔可见呈低回声的真胃皱襞;瘤胃、网胃在声像图中仅由胃壁产生一条光滑强回声光带,后方呈衰减暗区,其内容物不可探及,与真胃在分界处对比明显。术后,在两组羊真胃固定点附近区域都可探查到嵌于腹壁与瘤胃之间的真胃声像结构,真胃可与周围器官明显区别开,II组羊中还可在腹腔左侧壁探查到幽门。在15天的观察期内,除II组中一羊真胃自发复位外,其余实验羊真胃始终处在手术固定位置,无明显改变,II组羊嵌留于瘤胃与腹壁之间真胃厚度逐渐增加。结果表明,羊的真胃在B超声像图中特征明显,,易于辨别,在左方变位造模手术前、术后都能与周围器官区别开。 对43头LDA疑似奶牛左侧9~12肋间和腹底区域进行B超探查,记录声像图;在经开腹探查后,有40头被确诊为LDA并进行真胃复位手术,术后于相同区域再次进行探查,分析手术前后声像图的变化。结果显示,在复位手术前,40头LDA奶牛中有37头奶牛的真胃能在左侧9~12肋间被探查到,3头仅能在左侧腹底被探查到,另3头非LDA奶牛未出现真胃相关声像图。除8头牛外,其余LDA奶牛真胃声像图基本相似,按其回声特征主要可分为共振伪影,均质低回声结构,波浪状回声光带及圆形回声结构,分别代表了真胃气帽,真胃内容物,真胃皱襞及幽门管。在肋间近背侧及中部区域能探查到真胃气帽,在中部及近腹侧区域能探查到真胃内容物,皱襞混杂在内容物回声中,在左腹底能探查到幽门管。真胃复位手术后除左侧肋间近背侧区域有共振伪影残留外,余未见异常。结果表明真胃左方变位时,可在左腹壁与瘤胃间探及真胃特征性的声像图。 综上所述,绵羊及奶牛真胃左方变位后,从体外经左腹壁作B超探查可探及真胃特征性声像图,B超有助于反刍动物LDA的诊断。
[Abstract]:Left displaced abomasum (left displacement of abomasum, LDA) is a common disease of dairy cows, milk production not only caused a sharp decline, if not timely treatment can also cause the cows eliminated, even death, is an important disease affecting dairy industry development. Therefore, conventional diagnostic methods for this disease is very important for early diagnosis and treatment of.LDA is the combination of stroke auscultation examination of the left abdomen, to determine whether there is a "tube sound", the method can direct diagnosis in most cases, but also with several other can also have a "tube sound" disease phase discrimination; in addition, some of the cases showed no obvious signs of the disease, often needed by abomasum puncture, laparotomy or intraperitoneal endoscopic diagnosis method to diagnose. The mirror interventional ultrasound real-time imaging of animal tissues and organs in vivo, as long as the master after modification were really stomach syndrome tut can reach LD A in vitro non-destructive diagnosis. Therefore, the study for diagnostic ultrasound tracking exploration of Small Tail Han sheep LDA animal model induced by surgery before and after modeling, the change of left abdominal ultrasonography and LDA area before and after the cows' stomach reduction surgery, to determine the characteristics of ultrasonography of ruminant animal LDA, provide the basis for diagnosis of LDA.
浣撳瀷鐩歌繎鏈濞犵殑鎴愬勾闆屾
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