太行鸡消化生理特点研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 11:51

本文选题：太行鸡　切入点：消化器官　出处：《河北农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本试验通过对不同周龄的太行鸡体重、消化器官相对长度、消化酶活性、盲肠微生物、血液生化指标以及消化器官组织结构的研究,探讨太行鸡的消化生理特点。分别在1、7、10、13、15、17、19、21、23、25、27、29、31、33、35、37、39、41、46、51、53、56、59、72周龄测定太行鸡的体重、消化器官相对长度、消化酶活性、盲肠微生物及血液生化指标并观察消化器官组织结构等,分析其变化规律。结果表明:(1)太行鸡的体重在27周龄前,随日龄的增长而增长,之后保持在1.2kg左右;10周龄前,太行鸡相对生长速度快,且相对生长速度在10周龄达到高峰为0.584。(2)太行鸡各段消化道长度与体重的相对比值均随着日龄的增加而逐渐降低,13周龄以后,降低幅度变小,其相对比值基本维持在一个较为稳定的范围,各段消化道长度与体重的相对比值由小到大分别为:嗉囊肌胃腺胃食管直肠盲肠十二指肠回肠空肠。(3)在太行鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠内均能检测到淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶,但盲肠内的三种酶的活性均较低,盲肠中起主要作用的是纤维素酶。(4)太行鸡盲肠中双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的数量大于大肠杆菌,大肠杆菌数量在17周龄时逐渐减少,并维持在一个较低的水平,而太行鸡盲肠乳酸菌和双歧杆菌数量在整个试验期内都保持在8.4~8.8 log10cfu/g内。(5)太行鸡雏鸡血清总蛋白和葡萄糖含量随着周龄的增长而增高,以10周龄为分界点,10周龄后保持在100mg/d L左右;总胆固醇含量有随日龄增长升高的趋势,雏鸡阶段总胆固醇升高幅度最大,13周龄达到高峰,随后在100mg/d L上下浮动;29周龄前甘油三酯水平在100mg/d L以下,31周龄之后又开始升高,达到740.57mg/d L。(6)太行鸡肝脏和肠道均随周龄的增加发育更为完善,肝脏小叶间动静脉增多,管腔变大,各段肠道均表现出随日龄增长肠绒毛明显变长、变粗、增多,排列紧密,隐窝增多、变深,肠壁增厚,肠腺发达等多方面的变化。
[Abstract]:The body weight, relative length of digestive organs, digestive enzyme activity, cecal microorganism, blood biochemical indexes and tissue structure of digestive organs were studied in Taihang chickens of different weeks of age. To study the digestive physiological characteristics of Taihang chicken, the body weight, relative length of digestive organ, digestive enzyme activity, cecum microorganism and blood biochemical index were measured at the age of 1: 7, 7, 10, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 27, 29, 31, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 7, 72 weeks, respectively. The results showed that the weight of Taihang chicken increased with the age of 27 weeks before the age of 27 weeks, and then kept at about 1.2 kg / 10 weeks, the relative growth rate of Taihang chicken was fast. The ratio of digestive tract length to body weight of Taihang chickens decreased gradually with the increase of the age of 10 weeks and decreased gradually after 13 weeks of age, and the relative growth rate reached a peak of 0. 584. 2 at the age of 10 weeks, the relative ratio of digestive tract length to body weight of Taihang chickens decreased gradually after 13 weeks of age. The relative ratio between digestive tract length and body weight is from small to large: crop, stomach, esophagus, rectum, ileum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum, jejunum and jejunum of Taihang Chicken. Amylase, lipase and trypsin were detected in ileum and cecum. The number of bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in cecum of Taihang chicken is larger than that of Escherichia coli, and the number of Escherichia coli decreases gradually at the age of 17 weeks and remains at a low level. However, the number of cecal lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacterium in Taihang chicken was maintained within 8.8 log10cfu/g / log10cfu/g during the whole trial period. The serum total protein and glucose contents of Taihang chicken chicks increased with the increase of age. At the age of 10 weeks, the total cholesterol content was kept at 100 mg / d / dL after 10 weeks of age, and the total cholesterol content increased with the increase of day age, and the maximum increase of total cholesterol reached its peak at 13 weeks of age in the chicks. Then before 29 weeks of age, the level of triglyceride began to rise after 31 weeks of age, reaching 740.57 mg / d 路L ~ (6)) the liver and intestines of Taihang chickens developed more perfectly with the increase of age, and the arteriovenous and interlobular arteries and veins of the liver increased, and the lumen became larger. The intestinal villi became longer, thicker, thicker, more compact, more recess, deeper, thicker, and more developed.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831

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