河南省临时公路动物防疫监督检查站现状调查及对策分析

发布时间：2018-03-09 16:30

本文选题：河南省　切入点：临时公路动物防疫监督检查站　出处：《河南农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：临时公路动物防疫监督检查站是省、自治区、直辖市人民政府为了控制、扑灭动物疫病,向上级申请后批准在公路要道、港口码头、机场、火车站等设立的、承担对过往运输动物、动物产品车辆实施监督检查任务的一个主要场所。公路动物防疫监督检疫站作为公认的防控动物疫病传播最有效的手段之一,已被联合国粮农组织(FAO),世界动物卫生组织(OIE)和其他国际组织广泛认可和接受。特别是近年来我国动物食品安全问题突出,动物疫病疫情形势严峻,人畜共患病频发,临时公路动物防疫监督检查站在控制我国动物疫病传播,保障公共卫生安全等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。我国的公路动物防疫检查机制起步相对较晚,与美国、欧盟、澳大利亚等国家相比还有较大差距。而在我国国内,因各省间的畜牧业发展情况、经济水平以及地域等的差异,对公路动物防疫监督检查站的管理制度和规范有所不同,但或多或少在人员安排、基础设施配备、经费投入等方面存在问题,而这些问题在一定程度上会阻碍我国公路动物防疫监督检查站的发展,进而会影响到动物性食品安全和兽医公共卫生安全,甚至影响到我国动物防疫体系建设的进程。为深入了解目前河南省临时公路动物防疫监督检查站(以下简称检查站)的规划选址、设备设施、人员状况、运营管理等现状,笔者于2013年7月至2014年9月对河南省现设的20个临时公路动物防疫监督检查站进行了实地调研,并到检查站所在地市的畜牧局和动物卫生监督所的相关负责人进行访谈,了解一手资料。在调查的基础上对目前检查站出现的问题和造成这些问题的原因进行了认真的分析,同时根据《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》、《动物检疫管理办法》、《公路动物防疫监督检查站管理办法》、《公路动物防疫监督检查站建设标准》以及《河南省公路动物防疫监督检查站考核评分细则》和《河南省高速公路“绿色通道”规范化管理办法》等法律法规对检查站的具体要求,借鉴国外对检查站的先进管理办法,结合河南省实际情况,对检查站的建设和规范化管理提出了相应的建议与对策。
[Abstract]:The temporary highway animal epidemic prevention supervision check points are approved by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government for the purpose of controlling and extinguishing animal diseases, after applying to a higher level to approve the establishment of major highways, ports, terminals, airports, railway stations, etc. One of the main places where vehicles used to transport animals and animal products are subject to supervision and inspection. Highway animal epidemic prevention and quarantine stations are recognized as one of the most effective means of preventing and controlling the spread of animal diseases. It has been widely recognized and accepted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Organization for Animal Health (OIEO) and other international organizations. In particular, in recent years, the problems of animal food safety in China are prominent, the epidemic situation of animal epidemics is severe, and zoonotic diseases occur frequently. Temporary highway animal epidemic prevention inspection stations play an irreplaceable role in controlling the spread of animal diseases and ensuring public health and safety in our country. The inspection mechanism for highway animal epidemic prevention in China started relatively late, compared with the United States and the European Union. There is still a big gap between Australia and other countries. However, in our country, because of the differences in animal husbandry development, economic level and region among provinces, the management system and norms of highway animal epidemic prevention surveillance checkpoints are different. But there are more or less problems in staffing arrangements, infrastructure facilities, investment, and so on. To a certain extent, these problems will hinder the development of highway animal epidemic prevention surveillance checkpoints in China. Which in turn affects animal food safety and veterinary public health safety, It even affects the progress of the construction of animal epidemic prevention system in China. In order to understand the current situation of the planning and location, equipment, facilities, personnel status, operation and management of the temporary highway animal epidemic prevention supervision checkpoint (hereinafter referred to as the checkpoint) in Henan Province, From July 2013 to September 2014, the author conducted a field investigation on 20 temporary highway animal epidemic prevention inspection checkpoints in Henan Province, and interviewed the responsible persons of the animal husbandry bureau and animal health supervision institute in the cities where the checkpoints are located. On the basis of investigation, we have made a careful analysis of the problems at present at checkpoints and the causes of these problems, At the same time, in accordance with the Law of the people's Republic of China on Animal epidemic Prevention, the measures for the Administration of Animal Quarantine, the measures for the Administration of Highway Animal epidemic Prevention Supervision checkpoints, the Construction Standards for Highway Animal epidemic Prevention Supervision checkpoints and the Henan Province Road Animal Prevention. The specific requirements of the regulations and laws on checkpoints, such as the detailed rules for the examination and grading of epidemic surveillance and inspection points, and the standardized measures for the Management of the "Green Channel" of the Expressway of Henan Province, Based on the advanced management methods of checkpoints in foreign countries and the actual situation in Henan Province, this paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures for the construction and standardized management of checkpoints.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S851.33

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